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Most of these instances in Eurasia were limited to 40th parallel north. [2] Besides the findings from East Anglia, the first constant presence of humans in Europe begins 500,000–600,000 years ago. [3] However, this presence was limited to western Europe, not reaching places like the Russian plains, until 200,000–300,000 years ago. [3]
Rightmire, G. Philip; Lordkipanidze, David (2010), "Fossil Skulls from Dmanisi: A Paleodeme Representing Early Homo in Asia", in John G. Fleagle; et al. (eds.), Out of Africa I: The First Hominin Colonization of Eurasia, Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series, Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 225– 44, ISBN 978-90-481-9036-2.
with John G. Fleagle et al. (ed.): Out of Africa I: The First Hominin Colonization of Eurasia. Springer, 2010, ISBN 978-90-481-9035-5; with Ghufran Sabri Ahmad: Reconstructing Late Pleistocene Human Behavior in the Jordan Valley: The Middle Paleolithic Stone Tool Assemblage from Ar Rasfa. Archaeopress, Oxford (UK) 2009, ISBN 978-1-4073-0618-6
Entrance into Eurasia across the strait of Gibraltar could explain the hominin remains at Barranco León in southeastern Spain (1.4 Ma) [22] and Sima del Elefante in northern Spain (1.2 Ma). [ 40 ] [ 41 ] But the site of Pirro Nord in southern Italy, allegedly from 1.3 – 1.7 Ma, [ 23 ] suggests a possible arrival from the East.
The first seaborne human migrations were by the Austronesian peoples [dubious – discuss] originating from Taiwan known as the "Austronesian expansion". [144] Using advanced sailing technologies like catamarans , outrigger boats , and crab claw sails , they built the first sea-going ships and rapidly colonized Island Southeast Asia at around ...
Homo erectus left Africa and became the first hominin species to colonise Europe and Asia approximately two million years ago, probably through the Southern Levant. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] During this phase of the Pleistocene epoch the region was wetter and greener, allowing H. erectus to find places with fresh water as it followed other African animals ...
H. erectus is the first known species to develop control of fire, by about 1.5 Ma. H. erectus later migrates throughout Eurasia, reaching Southeast Asia by 0.7 Ma. It is described in a number of subspecies. [38] Early humans were social and initially scavenged, before becoming active hunters.
H. sapiens interbred with archaic humans both in Africa and in Eurasia, in Eurasia notably with Neanderthals and Denisovans. [ 44 ] [ 100 ] The Toba catastrophe theory , which postulates a population bottleneck for H. sapiens about 70,000 years ago, [ 116 ] was controversial from its first proposal in the 1990s and by the 2010s had very little ...