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Using an estimate of approximately 37 million people in Mexico, Central and South America in 1492 (including 6 million in the Aztec Empire, 5–10 million in the Mayan States, 11 million in what is now Brazil, and 12 million in the Inca Empire), the lowest estimates give a population decrease from all causes of 80% by the end of the 17th ...
Dobyns is best known for his theories about the population of the Native Americans (Indians) prior to the discovery of the Americas by Columbus in 1492. Before Dobyns, scholars estimated the pre-Columbian population of the United States and Canada at about one million people. Dobyn's postulated instead a population of 9.8 to 12.2 million, an ...
After European contact, the native population of the Americas plummeted by an estimated 80% (from around 50 million in 1492 to eight million in 1650), due in part to Old World diseases carried to the New World.
[121] [122] [123] According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census (1894), the North American Indian Wars of the 19th century had a known death toll of about 19,000 Europeans and 30,000 Native Americans, and an estimated total death toll of 45,000 Native Americans. [124]
A 2018 study by Koch, Brierley, Maslin and Lewis concluded that an estimated "55 million indigenous people died following the European conquest of the Americas beginning in 1492." [ 68 ] Estimates for the entire number of human lives lost during the Cocoliztli epidemics in New Spain have ranged from 5 to 15 million people, [ 69 ] making it one ...
From the 18th through the 19th centuries, the population of Native Americans declined in the following ways: epidemic diseases brought from Europe; violence and warfare, such as the Indian Wars [30] at the hands of European explorers and colonists; displacement from their lands including forced marches such as the Trail of Tears resulted in ...
Historians have long debated the pre-European population of the Americas. [9] [10] In 2023, historian Ned Blackhawk suggested that North America's population had halved from 1492 to 1776 from about 8 million people (all Native American in 1492) to under 4 million (predominantly white in 1776). [3]
This is a list of colonial and pre-Federal U.S. historical population, as estimated by the U.S. Census Bureau based upon historical records and scholarship. [1] The counts are for total population, including persons who were enslaved, but generally excluding Native Americans.