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  2. Cryogenic electron tomography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenic_electron_tomography

    In cryo-sectioning, frozen blocks of cells or tissue are sectioned into thin samples with a cryo-microtome. [11] In FIB-milling, plunge-frozen samples are exposed to a focused beam of ions, typically gallium, that precisely whittle away material from the top and bottom of a sample, leaving a thin lamella suitable for cryoET imaging. [12]

  3. Cryogenic electron microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenic_electron_microscopy

    Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a transmission electron microscopy technique that is used in structural biology and materials science. Colloquially, the term "cryogenic electron microscopy" or its shortening "cryo-EM" refers to cryogenic transmission electron microscopy by default, as the vast majority of cryo-EM is ...

  4. Cryomicroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryomicroscopy

    Most cryostats make use of a cryogenic fluid such as liquid helium or liquid nitrogen. There exists two common motivations for performing a cryomicroscopy. One is to improve upon the process of performing a standard microscopy. Cryogenic electron microscopy, for example, enables the studying of proteins with limited radiation damage.

  5. Transmission electron cryomicroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_electron_cryo...

    CryoTEM image of GroEL suspended in amorphous ice at 50 000 × magnification Structure of Alcohol oxidase from Pichia pastoris by CryoTEM. Transmission electron cryomicroscopy (CryoTEM), commonly known as cryo-EM, is a form of cryogenic electron microscopy, more specifically a type of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) where the sample is studied at cryogenic temperatures (generally liquid ...

  6. Nucleic acid structure determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_structure...

    Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a technique that uses an electron beam to image samples that have been cryogenically preserved in an aqueous solution. Liquid samples are pipetted on small metallic grids and plunged into a liquid ethane/propane solution which is kept extremely cold by a liquid nitrogen bath.

  7. Scanning electron cryomicroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_electron_cryo...

    Scanning electron cryomicroscopy (CryoSEM) is a form of electron microscopy where a hydrated but cryogenically fixed sample is imaged on a scanning electron microscope's cold stage in a cryogenic chamber. The cooling is usually achieved with liquid nitrogen. [1]

  8. Scanning transmission electron microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_transmission...

    This is useful for imaging specimens that would be volatile in high vacuum at room temperature. Cryo-STEM has been used to study vitrified biological samples, [33] vitrified solid-liquid interfaces in material specimens, [34] and specimens containing elemental sulfur, which is prone to sublimation in electron microscopes at room temperature. [35]

  9. Virus crystallisation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_Crystallisation

    Recent advancements in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have expanded the extent in which virus morphology could be uncovered by researchers. Cryo-EM began to feature direct electron detectors (DEDs), which involve direct conversion of ejected electrons into electrical signals, thus improving the speed and feasibility of the imaging procedure ...