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The Hebrew calendar (Hebrew: הַלּוּחַ הָעִבְרִי ), also called the Jewish calendar, is a lunisolar calendar used today for Jewish religious observance and as an official calendar of Israel. It determines the dates of Jewish holidays and other rituals, such as yahrzeits and the schedule of public Torah readings.
No Jewish holidays fall on Friday, therefore the eruv tavshilin is never prepared at any time during the year. Rosh Chodesh Adar (or Adar II) occurs on Saturday. Three Torah scrolls are used for the Sabbath morning Torah reading: one for Mishpatim or Terumah (Pekudei in leap years), another for the Rosh Chodesh reading, and a third for Parshat ...
Each Torah portion consists of two to six chapters to be read during the week. There are 54 weekly portions or parashot.Torah reading mostly follows an annual cycle beginning and ending on the Jewish holiday of Simchat Torah, with the divisions corresponding to the lunisolar Hebrew calendar, which contains up to 55 weeks, the exact number varying between leap years and regular years.
Simchat Torah is observed on the 22nd to 23rd of Tishrei (Tishrei is the first month of the Jewish year). Upcoming dates: Jewish Year 5785: Sunset 24 October 2024 – Nightfall 24 October 2024
On the Hebrew calendar, the seven-day holiday of Sukkot in the autumn (late mid-September to late mid-October) is immediately followed by the holiday of Shemini Atzeret.In Orthodox and Conservative communities outside Israel, Shemini Atzeret is a two-day holiday, and the Simchat Torah festivities are observed on the second day.
The sixth day of Chanukah is always Rosh Chodesh for the month of Tevet. Due to the mechanics of the Hebrew calendar, the month of Tevet often has a two-day Rosh Chodesh; in those years, the seventh day of Chanukah is the second day of Rosh Chodesh Tevet. On "ordinary" days of Chanukah, one Torah scroll is used.
Because of that, the 22nd day of the 7th month does not necessarily fall on the same date as 22 Tishrei in the (conventional, Rabbinic) Jewish calendar. [49] In 2015, Shemini Atzeret fell on October 7 for Karaites, two days later than in the conventional Jewish calendar. In 2016, Shemini Atzeret fell on the same day according to both calendars ...
As above, the basic obligation of Shnayim mikra ve-echad targum involves reciting the Hebrew text of the weekly portion twice and then reciting Targum Onkelos once. One should read a passage from the Torah twice, followed by the Targum translation of that passage, then continuing to the next Torah passage in order.