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Nothofagus fusca, New Zealand. Antarctic flora are a distinct community of vascular plants which evolved millions of years ago on the supercontinent of Gondwana.Presently, species of Antarctica flora reside on several now separated areas of the Southern Hemisphere, including southern South America, southernmost Africa, New Zealand, Australia, and New Caledonia.
For the purposes of this category, "Antarctica" is defined as the only area within the WGSRPD region of the "Antarctic Continent" in the Antarctic botanical continent, according to the WGSRPD. This region includes only the mainland of Antarctica and immediately adjacent islands.
Colobanthus quitensis, also known as the Antarctic pearlwort, is one of two native flowering plants found in the Antarctic region. [2] It has yellow flowers and grows about 5 centimetres (2 inches) tall, giving it a moss-like appearance. Due to climate change, the species has been spreading rapidly, particularly to areas outside of Antarctica. [3]
Antarctica has around 400 lichen species, plants and fungi living symbiotically. [3] They are highly adapted, and can be divided into three main types; crustose lichens, forming thin crusts on the surface, foliose lichens, forming leaf-like lobes, and fruticose lichens , which grow like shrubs.
The Antarctic kingdom includes the continent of Antarctica, Patagonia (southern Chile, southern Argentina, Tierra del Fuego), most of New Zealand, the New Zealand Subantarctic Islands, and all islands of the Southern Ocean south of 40°S latitude, including Gough Island, the Kerguelen Islands, and the Falkland Islands.
The Flora Antarctica, ... is a description of the many plants discovered on the Ross expedition, ... Higher up grow alpines. On the Campbell Islands brushwood is ...
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Seed plants [4] [5] Latin name Common name Acaena magellanica: Greater burnet Acaena magellanica × tenera: Hybrid burnet Acaena tenera: Lesser burnet Alopecurus magellanicus: Antarctic foxtail Callitriche antarctica: Antarctic starwort Colobanthus quitensis: Antarctic pearlwort Colobanthus subulatus: Lesser pearlwort or sessile pearlwort or ...