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This article provides a list of autoimmune diseases. These conditions, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, affect a range of organs and systems within the body. Each disorder is listed with the primary organ or body part that it affects and the associated autoantibodies that are typically found in people diagnosed ...
Autoimmune diseases can result in systemic or localized symptoms, depending on the given disease. [8] Typical systemic symptoms include fevers, fatigue, muscle aches, joint pain, and rashes; these can be seen in diseases such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. Other autoimmune diseases have localized effects on specific organ or tissue types.
Sex differences in medicine include sex-specific diseases or conditions which occur only in people of one sex due to underlying biological factors (for example, prostate cancer in males or uterine cancer in females); sex-related diseases, which are diseases that are more common to one sex (for example, breast cancer and systemic lupus erythematosus which occur predominantly in females); [1 ...
Most autoimmune diseases are sex-related; as a whole, women are much more likely to develop autoimmune disease than men. Being female is the single greatest risk factor for developing autoimmune disease than any other genetic or environmental risk factor yet discovered.
For example, some autoimmune diseases tend to flare during pregnancy (possibly as an evolutionary mechanism to increase health protection for the child), [50] when hormone levels are high, and improve after menopause, when hormone levels decrease. Women may also naturally have autoimmune disease trigger events in puberty and pregnancy. [48]
They could present as the first or the only clinical manifestation of the disease. The reported prevalence of autoimmunity ranged from 14% to 54% in CVID patients and is higher for females. The most common autoimmune disorders observed in CVID are autoimmune cytopenia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), AIHA and neutropenia.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." [1] Identified by the 2012 World Development Report as one of two key human capital endowments, health can influence an individual's ability to reach his or her full potential in society. [2]
The presentation of the disease varies considerably from one patient to another. [8] Generally, the symptoms include nonspecific symptoms common to connective tissue diseases such as fatigue – this is common in autoimmune diseases, and is the patient's primary concern [9] malaise; fever [10] These can be the initial presentation for some ...