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This list contains 1200 recommendations for 591 drugs and 103 therapeutic equivalents. [20] A separate list for children up to 12 years of age, known as the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (EMLc), was created in 2007 and is in its 9th edition.
Preferred drugs (and other treatments) are also referred to a "first line" or "primary" while others are called "second line", "third line" etc. [7] [8] A drug may be indicated as an "adjunct" or "adjuvant", added to a first line drug. [9] Off-label: Off-label indications are drugs that are used for medical indications that have not been ...
A hypertensive emergency is not based solely on an absolute level of blood pressure, but also on a patient's baseline blood pressure before the hypertensive crisis occurs. Individuals with a history of chronic hypertension may not tolerate a "normal" blood pressure, and can therefore present symptomatically with hypotension , including fatigue ...
Intracardiac injections of drugs were generally used only to provide emergency drugs to a patient if other approaches would be ineffective; for example if drugs could not be administered intravenously due to individual circumstances.
As an example, physicians usually expect to see a remission of symptoms thirty minutes after haloperidol, an antipsychotic, is administered intramuscularly. [17] Antipsychotics, especially Haloperidol, [20] as well as assorted benzodiazepines are the most frequently used drugs in emergency psychiatry, especially agitation. [21]
Intraosseous access is indicated in emergency situations, such as when a person experiences some type of major trauma like shock, cardiac arrest, severe dehydration, [8] or severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage. [9] IO access can provide the quickest way to rapidly infuse needed medications and fluids in an emergency situation. [8]
A coma cocktail is a combination of substances administered in an emergency to comatose individuals when the cause of the coma has not yet been determined. [1] The intention is to work against various causes of a coma seen in an emergency setting including drug overdoses and hypoglycemia.
Emergency medicine articles describe the scope of conditions and injuries that are diagnosed, treated, and dealt with in the course of paramedic duty, and span over several medical areas, from neuroscience to physiology. The majority of emergency medicine deals with diagnosis of injury on-site.