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Doss porphyria/ALA dehydratase deficiency/Plumboporphyria (the disease is known by multiple names) ALD Alcoholic liver disease: ALI Acute lung injury: ALL Acute lymphoblastic lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia: ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: AMD Age-related macular degeneration: AML Acute myelogenous leukemia: AN Anorexia nervosa: AOCD
Cancer is a group of diseases that involve abnormal increases in the number of cells, with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [1] Not all tumors or lumps are cancerous; benign tumors are not classified as being cancer because they do not spread to other parts of the body. [ 1 ]
Malignancy (from Latin male 'badly' and -gnus 'born') is the tendency of a medical condition to become progressively worse; the term is most familiar as a characterization of cancer. A malignant tumor contrasts with a non-cancerous benign tumor in that a malignancy is not self-limited in its growth, is capable of invading into adjacent tissues ...
Cancer is also euphemised as "the C-word"; [229] [230] [231] Macmillan Cancer Support uses the term to try to lessen the fear around the disease. [232] In Nigeria, one local name for cancer translates into English as "the disease that cannot be cured". [233]
The term "environmental", as used by cancer researchers, refers to everything outside the body that interacts with humans. [5] The environment is not limited to the biophysical environment (e.g. exposure to factors such as air pollution or sunlight), but also includes lifestyle and behavioral factors.
Although it has been defined as an extension of pneumoconiosis, there is no scientific evidence for a similar disease related to volcanic silica particle exposures. [8] Subsequently, the word was used in Frank Scully's puzzle book Bedside Manna, after which time, members of the N.P.L. campaigned to include the word in major dictionaries. [9] [10]
The most frequent causes of cachexia in the United States by population prevalence are: 1) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 2) heart failure, 3) cancer cachexia, 4) chronic kidney disease. The prevalence of cachexia ranges from 15 to 60% among people with cancer, increasing to an estimated 80% in terminal cancer. [2]
A type of leukemia is the second most common form of cancer in infants (under the age of 12 months) and the most common form of cancer in older children. [83] Boys are somewhat more likely to develop leukemia than girls, and white American children are almost twice as likely to develop leukemia than black American children. [ 83 ]