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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. [8] GOLD 2024 defined COPD as a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea or shortness of breath, cough, sputum production and/or exacerbations) due to abnormalities of the airways (bronchitis ...
In contrast with another cause of bronchiolitis obliterans in children, Steven's Johnson's syndrome, post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans tends to be a chronic but non-progressive disease. [31] The disease can have varying impact on children and their quality of life, which has been studied by lung function tests, as well as their exercise ...
The term "chronic bronchitis" was used in previous definitions of COPD but is no longer included in the definition. [10] [32] [33] The term is still used clinically. [34] While both chronic bronchitis and emphysema are often associated with COPD, neither is needed to make the diagnosis. [34]
It is life-threatening in the elderly or those who are immunocompromised. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] The most common treatment is antibiotics and these vary in their adverse effects and their effectiveness. [ 13 ] [ 15 ] Pneumonia is also the leading cause of death in children less than five years of age in low income countries. [ 15 ]
The "healthspan-lifespan gap" was largest in the U.S., as Americans live in poor health for an average of 12.4 years, compared to 10.9 years in 2000.
The cellular pattern displays chronic inflammation with minimal fibrosis. The fibrosing pattern displays interstitial fibrosis with various inflammation levels. Both patterns are uniform and lack the prominent fibroblastic foci that are found in other types of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.
Chronic: Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia; ... [23] [24] Life expectancy after lung transplant is 5.2 years in those with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias ...
Types of obstructive lung disease include asthma, bronchiectasis, bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although COPD shares similar characteristics with all other obstructive lung diseases, such as the signs of coughing and wheezing , they are distinct conditions in terms of disease onset, frequency of symptoms, and ...
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