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  2. Calcite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcite

    Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed ...

  3. Concretion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretion

    The matrix is typically composed of argillaceous carbonate, such as clay ironstone, while the crack filling is usually calcite. [36] [34] The calcite often contains significant iron (ferroan calcite) and may have inclusions of pyrite and clay minerals. The brown calcite common in septaria may also be colored by organic compounds produced by ...

  4. Marble - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marble

    Construction marble is a stone which is composed of calcite, dolomite or serpentine that is capable of taking a polish. [20] More generally in construction , specifically the dimension stone trade, the term marble is used for any crystalline calcitic rock (and some non-calcitic rocks) useful as building stone.

  5. Iceland spar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland_spar

    As a type of calcite, Iceland spar can be used in construction as a building material in cement and concrete. Its high purity and brightness make it an ideal filler in paints and coatings. [54] In metallurgy, calcite acts as a flux to lower the melting point of metals during smelting and refining. [55]

  6. Mineral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral

    They are most commonly named after a person, followed by discovery location; names based on chemical composition or physical properties are the two other major groups of mineral name etymologies. [ 18 ] [ 19 ] Most names end in "-ite"; the exceptions are usually names that were well-established before the organization of mineralogy as a ...

  7. Alstonite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alstonite

    Alstonite, also known as bromlite, [6] is a low temperature hydrothermal mineral [6] that is a rare double carbonate of calcium and barium with the formula BaCa(CO 3) 2, sometimes with some strontium. [5]

  8. Wollastonite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollastonite

    Wollastonite is a calcium inosilicate mineral (Ca Si O 3) that may contain small amounts of iron, magnesium, and manganese substituting for calcium. It is usually white. It forms when impure limestone or dolomite is subjected to high temperature and pressure, which sometimes occurs in the presence of silica-bearing fluids as in skarns [7] or in contact with metamorphic rocks.

  9. Feldspar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldspar

    Feldspar (/ ˈ f ɛ l (d) ˌ s p ɑːr / FEL(D)-spar; sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. [3]