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MEF2, Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2, is a transcription factor with four specific numbers such as MEF2A, B, C, and D. Each MEF2 gene is located on a specific chromosome. MEF2 is known to be involved in the development and the looping of the heart (Chen) MEF2 is necessary for myocyte differentiation and gene activation (Black).
The best known example of the enhanceosome acts on the human interferon-beta gene, which is upregulated in cells that are infected by viruses. [5] Three activator proteins— NF-κB , an interferon activator protein such as IRF-3 , and the ATF -2/c-Jun complex—cooperatively bind to the upstream enhancer region upon viral infection.
An enhancer localized in a DNA region distant from the promoter of a gene can have a very large effect on gene expression, with some genes undergoing up to 100-fold increased expression due to an activated enhancer. [32] Enhancers are regions of the genome that are major gene-regulatory elements.
This interaction is managed by one or more of the p300 domains: the nuclear receptor interaction domain (RID), the CREB and MYB interaction domain (KIX), the cysteine/histidine regions (TAZ1/CH1 and TAZ2/CH3) and the interferon response binding domain (IBiD). The last four domains, KIX, TAZ1, TAZ2 and IBiD of p300, each bind tightly to a ...
A super-enhancer, illustrated in the lower panel of the Figure, is a region of the mammalian genome comprising multiple typical enhancers that is collectively bound by an array of transcription factor proteins to drive transcription of genes involved in cell identity, [3] [4] [5] or of genes involved in cancer. [6]
This region is known as the enhancer region. Studies have suggested that thyroid hormone (T3) controls Sox2 expression via the enhancer region. The expression of TRα1 (thyroid hormone receptor) is increased in proliferating and migrating neural stem cells.
The genomic DNA of eukaryotic cells is wrapped around special protein molecules known as histones. The complexes formed by the looping of the DNA are known as chromatin . The basic structural unit of chromatin is the nucleosome : this consists of the core octamer of histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) as well as a linker histone and about 180 base ...
HERC2 is a giant E3 ubiquitin protein ligase, implicated in DNA repair regulation, pigmentation and neurological disorders.It is encoded by a gene of the same name belonging to the HERC family, which typically encodes large protein products with C-terminal HECT domains and one or more RCC1-like (RLD) domains.