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Augury was a Greco-Roman religion practice of observing the behavior of birds, to receive omens. When the individual, known as the augur, read these signs, it was referred to as "taking the auspices". "Auspices" (Latin: auspicium) means "looking at birds". Auspex, another word for augur, can be translated to "one who looks at birds". [1]
Roman writers noted that this bird sometimes lived in trees or on rocks. In ancient Greece, this bird was known for diving into the sea. The Romans later wrote that it only did so to dive after oily fish such as eels. They have been identified as shearwaters, European Shags, or the Great Cormorant. [93]
The augur's decisions were based on what he personally saw or heard from within the templum; they included thunder, lightning and any accidental signs such as falling objects, but in particular, birdsigns; whether the birds he saw flew in groups or alone, what noises they made as they flew, the direction of flight, what kind of birds they were ...
An illustration of the Caladrius' prophecies from the 1588 edition of the Physiologus.Copperplate by Pieter van der Borcht (I).. The caladrius, according to Roman mythology, is a snow-white bird that lives in the king's house.
The Stymphalian birds (/ s t ɪ m ˈ f eɪ l i ə n / stim-FAY-lee-ən; Ancient Greek: Στυμφαλίδες ὄρνιθες, Modern transliteration Stymfalídes Órnithes) are a group of voracious birds in Greek mythology.
Ornithomancy (modern term from Greek ornis "bird" and manteia "divination"; in Ancient Greek: οἰωνίζομαι "take omens from the flight and cries of birds") is the practice of reading omens from the actions of birds followed in many ancient cultures including the Greeks, and is equivalent to the augury employed by the ancient Romans.
Frederick II on the second page of the "Manfred manuscript" (Biblioteca Vaticana, Pal. lat 1071). De Arte Venandi cum Avibus (lit. ' On The Art of Hunting with Birds ') is a Latin treatise on ornithology and falconry written in the 1240s by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II.
The auguraculum (pl.: auguracula) was a roofless temple oriented to the cardinal points, in which the priests of ancient Rome practiced augury and ornithomancy. [1] The priest observer was positioned at the center of the temple, in a tent or a hut, and watched portions of the sky from which came the birds, which were marked out by stones placed along the perimeter of the temple.