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  2. Regular and irregular antibodies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_and_irregular...

    They appear in the first years of life. They are of the IgM type. [1] It is not certain whether they are natural antibodies (being produced without any previous infection, vaccination, other foreign antigen exposure or passive immunization) or are caused by infection in early life.

  3. Coombs test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test

    The direct Coombs test detects antibodies that are stuck to the surface of the red blood cells. [1] Since these antibodies sometimes destroy red blood cells they can cause anemia; this test can help clarify the condition. The indirect Coombs test detects antibodies that are floating freely in the blood. [1]

  4. Immunoglobulin class switching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_class_switching

    Mechanism of class-switch recombination that allows isotype switching in activated B cells. Immunoglobulin class switching, also known as isotype switching, isotypic commutation or class-switch recombination (CSR), is a biological mechanism that changes a B cell's production of immunoglobulin from one type to another, such as from the isotype IgM to the isotype IgG. [1]

  5. Immunoglobulin G - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G

    The water-accessible surface area of an IgG antibody. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. [1] IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Each IgG antibody has two paratopes.

  6. Antibody - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody

    IgG is the most commonly used molecular format in current antibody drugs because it neutralizes infectious agents and activates the complement system to engage immune cells. [45] IgM: 1 Expressed on the surface of B cells (monomer) and in a secreted form (pentamer) with very high avidity. Eliminates pathogens in the early stages of B cell ...

  7. Dysgammaglobulinemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysgammaglobulinemia

    IgG deficiency - IgG deficiency is a lack of IgG in the absence of other immunoglobulin deficiencies. IgG levels of 300–600 mg/dL show a mild to moderate reduction of IgG while levels below 200 mg/dl are classified as a severe deficiency. [6] Those with IgG deficiency often get chronic or reoccurring pyogenic respiratory tract infections. [7]

  8. Isotype (immunology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotype_(immunology)

    μ – IgM; There are also two light chain isotypes κ and λ; however, there is no significant difference in function between the two. Thus an antibody isotype is determined by the constant regions of the heavy chains only. [1] IgM is first expressed as a monomer on the surface of immature B cells.

  9. Anti-immunoglobulin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-immunoglobulin

    This is a recombinant monoclonal antibody to human IgG. It has the ability to bind to all 4 human IgG subtypes: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. [7] Anti-Human IgG [8E11] This is a recombinant monoclonal antibody to human IgG. However, it can screen for IgG in nonhuman primates including vervets, chimpanzees, and mangabeys.