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The performance of an echo canceller is measured in echo return loss enhancement (ERLE), [3] [9] which is the amount of additional signal loss applied by the echo canceller. Most echo cancellers are able to apply 18 to 35 dB ERLE. The total signal loss of the echo (ACOM) is the sum of the ERL and ERLE. [9] [10]
Adaptive feedback cancellation originated during the evolution of the hearing aid. The hearing aid became digital, and as such feedback cancellation was needed. In 1980 a directional microphone was introduced in the digital hearing aid, and adaptive feedback cancellation was created to block external noise that the microphone picked up. Today ...
However, any uncancelled hybrid leakage will cause echo when the associated transmission path has delay, so the effect on the system is reduction of echo.) Hybrids and cancellers are sometimes combined with echo suppressors. These work on the assumption that usually only one of the two parties to a conversation is speaking at a given time.
Adaptive noise cancelling is a signal processing technique that is highly effective in suppressing additive interference or noise corrupting a received target signal at the main or primary sensor in certain common situations where the interference is known and is accessible but unavoidable and where the target signal and the interference are unrelated, that is, uncorrelated [1] [2] [3].
The recording of a heart beat (an ECG), may be corrupted by noise from the AC mains.The exact frequency of the power and its harmonics may vary from moment to moment.. One way to remove the noise is to filter the signal with a notch filter at the mains frequency and its vicinity, but this could excessively degrade the quality of the ECG since the heart beat would also likely have frequency ...
The time period that must elapse before attempting to increase the rate again may, itself, be determined by an exponential backoff algorithm. Typically, recovery of the rate occurs more slowly than reduction of the rate due to backoff, and often requires careful tuning to avoid oscillation of the rate. [1]
any real, finite, level of XPD instead manifests itself as a partial recombination between the two signals, so that the receivers observe an interference due to the cross-polarization leakage. Some of the factors causing such cross-polarization interference are listed in Polarization-Division Multiplexing. Polarization-Division Communication System
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