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Gestational weight gain is defined as the amount of weight gain a woman experiences between conception and birth of an infant. [1] Recommendations
Women in Europe and the United States tend to have higher pre-term body weight and have increased gestational weight during pregnancy compared to women in east Asia. [46] Thus, women in Europe and the United States, with higher gestational weight gain, tend to have higher associated risk of LGA infants, macrosomia and cesarean. [46]
Final weight gain takes place during the third trimester; this is the most weight gain throughout the pregnancy. The woman's abdomen will transform in shape as the fetus turns in a downward position ready for birth. The woman's navel will sometimes become convex, "popping" out, due to the expanding abdomen. The uterus, the muscular organ that ...
There are many options available in treating obesity, such as: altering one's diet and exercising regularly. Regular exercise during pregnancy has been shown to reduce gestational weight gain and reduce the risk of developing obesity related health conditions, such as gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and preeclampsia in the mother.
The enlarging uterus, growing fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid, normal increase in body fat, and increase in water retention all contribute weight gain during pregnancy. The amount of weight gain can vary from 5 pounds (2.3 kg) to over 100 pounds (45 kg). In the United States, the range of weight gain that doctors generally recommend is 25 ...
[16] Each additional kilogram of gestational weight gain increases the offspring’s risk of overweight or obesity by 1-23%. [17] Maternal health status has a significant impact on the newborn's gut microbiota. [16] Breastmilk is important for the development and maintenance of the infant microbiota after birth. [16]
Obesity is an extremely strong risk factor for gestational diabetes. [34] Research has found that obese mothers who lose weight (at least 10 pounds or 4.5 kg) between pregnancies reduce the risk of gestational diabetes during their next pregnancy, whereas mothers who gain weight actually increase their risk. [35]
Leg cramps are a common pregnancy issue, especially in later trimesters, caused by factors like weight gain, changes in circulation, electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and postural shifts. [20] These factors increase strain on leg muscles, often leading to painful, involuntary contractions.Leg cramps typically last only for a few seconds ...