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Example of obstacle avoidance using sensors. One of the most common approaches to obstacle avoidance is the use of various sensors, such as ultrasonic , LiDAR , radar , sonar , and cameras . These sensors allow an autonomous machine to do a simple 3 step process: sense, think, and act.
The robot is treated as a point inside a 2D world. The obstacles (if any) are unknown and nonconvex. There are clearly defined starting point and goal. The robot is able to detect obstacle boundary from a distance of known length. The robot always knows the direction and how far (in terms of Euclidean distance) it is from the goal.
The first step in collision avoidance is perception, which can use sensors like LiDAR, visual cameras, thermal or IR cameras, or solid-state devices. They are divided upon the part of the electromagnetic spectrum they use. There are two types of sensors, passive and active sensors. Examples of active sensors are LiDAR, Radar and Sonar. Examples ...
The velocity obstacle VO AB for a robot A, with position x A, induced by another robot B, with position x B and velocity v B.. In robotics and motion planning, a velocity obstacle, commonly abbreviated VO, is the set of all velocities of a robot that will result in a collision with another robot at some moment in time, assuming that the other robot maintains its current velocity. [1]
In robotics motion planning, the dynamic window approach is an online collision avoidance strategy for mobile robots developed by Dieter Fox, Wolfram Burgard, and Sebastian Thrun in 1997. [1] Unlike other avoidance methods, the dynamic window approach is derived directly from the dynamics of the robot, and is especially designed to deal with ...
Robot sensing includes the ability to see, [1] [2] [3] touch, [4] [5] [6] hear [7] and move [8] [9] [10] and associated algorithms to process and make use of environmental feedback and sensory data. Robot sensing is important in applications such as vehicular automation, robotic prosthetics, and for industrial, medical, entertainment and ...
The components of a mobile robot are a controller, sensors, actuators and power system. [3] The controller is generally a microprocessor, embedded microcontroller or a personal computer (PC). The sensors used are dependent upon the requirements of the robot.
An automated guided vehicle (AGV), different from an autonomous mobile robot (AMR), is a portable robot that follows along marked long lines or wires on the floor, or uses radio waves, vision cameras, magnets, or lasers for navigation. They are most often used in industrial applications to transport heavy materials around a large industrial ...