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The ideal gas law is used for these calculations. Often, but not always, the standard temperature and pressure (STP) are taken as 0 °C and 1 bar and used as the conditions for gas stoichiometric calculations. Gas stoichiometry calculations solve for the unknown volume or mass of a gaseous product or reactant.
For example, a calculation of the mass of natural gas as fuel — which often contains carbon dioxide (CO 2), nitrogen (N 2), and various alkanes — includes the mass of the carbon dioxide, nitrogen and all alkanes in determining the value of m fuel. [2] For pure octane the stoichiometric mixture is approximately 15.1:1, or λ of 1.00 exactly.
How much gas is present could be specified by giving the mass instead of the chemical amount of gas. Therefore, an alternative form of the ideal gas law may be useful. The chemical amount, n (in moles), is equal to total mass of the gas (m) (in kilograms) divided by the molar mass, M (in kilograms per mole): =.
EU directives on gas quality use 15 °C in accordance with ISO 13443 and ISO 6976. , is the density of air at standard conditions, is the molar mass of the gas and is the molar mass of air which is about 28.96 kg/kmol. . The Wobbe index is used to compare the combustion energy output of different composition fuel gases in an appliance (fire ...
In gas dynamics we are interested in the local relations between pressure, density and temperature, rather than considering a fixed quantity of gas. By considering the density ρ = M / V {\displaystyle \rho =M/V} as the inverse of the volume for a unit mass, we can take ρ = 1 / V {\displaystyle \rho =1/V} in these relations.
The combustion of a stoichiometric mixture of fuel and oxidizer (e.g. two moles of hydrogen and one mole of oxygen) in a steel container at 25 °C (77 °F) is initiated by an ignition device and the reactions allowed to complete.
where w C, w H, w S, w O refer to the mass fraction of each element in the fuel oil, sulfur burning to SO 2, and AFR mass refers to the air-fuel ratio in mass units. For 1 kg of fuel oil containing 86.1% C, 13.6% H, 0.2% O, and 0.1% S the stoichiometric mass of air is 14.56 kg, so AFR = 14.56. The combustion product mass is then 15.56 kg.
For a substance X with a specific volume of 0.657 cm 3 /g and a substance Y with a specific volume 0.374 cm 3 /g, the density of each substance can be found by taking the inverse of the specific volume; therefore, substance X has a density of 1.522 g/cm 3 and substance Y has a density of 2.673 g/cm 3. With this information, the specific ...