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Abetalipoproteinemia (also known as: Bassen–Kornzweig syndrome, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein deficiency disease, MTP deficiency, and betalipoprotein deficiency syndrome [2]) is a disorder characterized by abnormal absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins from food. [3]
Food fat is dispersed by the action of bile into smaller units called micelles. The breaking down into micelles creates a much larger surface area for the pancreatic enzyme, lipase to work on. Lipase digests the triglycerides which are broken down into two fatty acids and a monoglyceride. These are then absorbed by villi on the intestinal wall ...
Phytic acid (deprotonated phytate anion in the picture) is an antinutrient that interferes with the absorption of minerals from the diet. Antinutrients are natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with the absorption of nutrients. [1] Nutrition studies focus on antinutrients commonly found in food sources and beverages.
[10] [11] In this setting, microcytic anaemia usually implies iron deficiency and macrocytosis can be caused by impaired folic acid or B12 absorption or both. Low cholesterol or triglyceride may give a clue toward fat malabsorption. [12] Low calcium and phosphate may give a clue toward osteomalacia from low vitamin D. [12]
[2] [3] The majority of lipids found in the human body from ingesting food are triglycerides and cholesterol. [4] Other types of lipids found in the body are fatty acids and membrane lipids . Lipid metabolism is often considered the digestion and absorption process of dietary fat; however, there are two sources of fats that organisms can use to ...
The enzyme or transport protein can be missing or improperly constructed, resulting in it not working. This leaves the body unable to produce energy within the liver and muscles from fatty acid sources. [1] The body's primary source of energy is glucose; however, when all the glucose in the body has been expended, a normal body digests fats.
The digestion products consisting of a mixture of tri-, di- and monoglycerides and free fatty acids, which, together with the other fat soluble contents of the diet (e.g. the fat soluble vitamins and cholesterol) and bile salts form mixed micelles, in the watery duodenal contents (see diagrams on the right).
Orlistat (Xenical), the most commonly used medication to treat obesity and sibutramine (Meridia), a medication that was withdrawn due to cardiovascular side effects. Anti-obesity medication or weight loss medications are pharmacological agents that reduce or control excess body fat.