Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The T helper cells (T h cells), also known as CD4 + cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune system. They aid the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines .
HIV is commonly transmitted via unprotected sexual activity, blood transfusions, hypodermic needles, and from mother to child.Upon acquisition of the virus, the virus replicates inside and kills T helper cells, which are required for almost all adaptive immune responses.
HIV tropism refers to the cell type in which the human immunodeficiency virus infects and replicates. HIV tropism of a patient's virus is measured by the Trofile assay. HIV can infect a variety of cells such as CD4+ helper T-cells and macrophages that express the CD4 molecule on their surface. HIV-1 entry to macrophages and T helper cells is ...
In the tonsils and adenoids of HIV-infected patients, macrophages fuse into multinucleated giant cells that produce huge amounts of virus. T-tropic strains of HIV-1, or syncytia-inducing strains (SI; now called X4 viruses [44]) replicate in primary CD4 + T cells as well as in macrophages and use the α-chemokine receptor, CXCR4, for entry. [45 ...
HIV is the cause of the spectrum of disease known as HIV/AIDS. HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system such as CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. It directly and indirectly destroys CD4 + T cells. [88] HIV is a member of the genus Lentivirus, [89] part of the family Retroviridae. [90]
CD4+ T helper cells are white blood cells that are an essential part of the human immune system. They are often referred to as CD4 cells, T helper cells or T4 cells. They are called helper cells because one of their main roles is to send signals to other types of immune cells, including CD8 killer cells, which then destroy the infectious ...
As the helper T cells grow and divide, they produce effecter helper T cells (which help coordinate the immune system response to HIV). The effector T cells utilize cytokines to mobilize other immune cells to join the combat against HIV. The cytokines promote the maturation of B cells into plasma cells. Then the plasma cells secrete antibodies ...
As more T cells are lost, and the level falls below 200 cells / mm3, the immune system becomes severely compromised and at this stage the condition has progressed from HIV disease to AIDS. At this point people experience things like persistent fever, fatigue, weight loss, and diarrhea. And the HIV count in the blood might increase significantly.