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  2. Similarity measure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similarity_measure

    In statistics and related fields, a similarity measure or similarity function or similarity metric is a real-valued function that quantifies the similarity between two objects. Although no single definition of a similarity exists, usually such measures are in some sense the inverse of distance metrics : they take on large values for similar ...

  3. Cosine similarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosine_similarity

    In data analysis, cosine similarity is a measure of similarity between two non-zero vectors defined in an inner product space.Cosine similarity is the cosine of the angle between the vectors; that is, it is the dot product of the vectors divided by the product of their lengths.

  4. Similarity (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similarity_(geometry)

    Similar figures. In Euclidean geometry, two objects are similar if they have the same shape, or if one has the same shape as the mirror image of the other.More precisely, one can be obtained from the other by uniformly scaling (enlarging or reducing), possibly with additional translation, rotation and reflection.

  5. Jaccard index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaccard_index

    In market basket analysis, for example, the basket of two consumers who we wish to compare might only contain a small fraction of all the available products in the store, so the SMC will usually return very high values of similarities even when the baskets bear very little resemblance, thus making the Jaccard index a more appropriate measure of ...

  6. Structural similarity index measure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_similarity...

    The structural similarity index measure (SSIM) is a method for predicting the perceived quality of digital television and cinematic pictures, as well as other kinds of digital images and videos. It is also used for measuring the similarity between two images.

  7. Analysis of similarities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_similarities

    Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) is a non-parametric statistical test widely used in the field of ecology. The test was first suggested by K. R. Clarke [ 1 ] as an ANOVA -like test, where instead of operating on raw data , operates on a ranked dissimilarity matrix .

  8. Similarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similarity

    Similarity measure, a function that quantifies the similarity of two objects Cosine similarity, which uses the angle between vectors; String metric, also called string similarity; Semantic similarity, in computational linguistics

  9. Semantic similarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_similarity

    Semantic similarity is a metric defined over a set of documents or terms, where the idea of distance between items is based on the likeness of their meaning or semantic content [citation needed] as opposed to lexicographical similarity.