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  2. Arbitrary code execution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrary_code_execution

    On its own, an arbitrary code execution exploit will give the attacker the same privileges as the target process that is vulnerable. [11] For example, if exploiting a flaw in a web browser, an attacker could act as the user, performing actions such as modifying personal computer files or accessing banking information, but would not be able to perform system-level actions (unless the user in ...

  3. Heap spraying - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heap_spraying

    In computer security, heap spraying is a technique used in exploits to facilitate arbitrary code execution. The part of the source code of an exploit that implements this technique is called a heap spray . [ 1 ]

  4. Log4Shell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log4Shell

    Log4Shell (CVE-2021-44228) is a zero-day vulnerability reported in November 2021 in Log4j, a popular Java logging framework, involving arbitrary code execution. [2] [3] The vulnerability had existed unnoticed since 2013 and was privately disclosed to the Apache Software Foundation, of which Log4j is a project, by Chen Zhaojun of Alibaba Cloud's security team on 24 November 2021.

  5. Shellshock (software bug) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)

    Shellshock is an arbitrary code execution vulnerability that offers a way for users of a system to execute commands that should be unavailable to them. This happens through Bash's "function export" feature, whereby one Bash process can share command scripts with other Bash processes that it executes. [ 17 ]

  6. DOM clobbering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOM_clobbering

    This injection will allow the attacker to overwrite the globalUrlConfig variable with a reference to the anchor element, which in turn overwrites the url variable and subsequently the scriptElem.src parameter, (due to the fact that url.href now refers to the href parameter of the anchor element) leading to arbitrary code execution.

  7. Return-oriented programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Return-oriented_programming

    The widespread implementation of data execution prevention made traditional buffer overflow vulnerabilities difficult or impossible to exploit in the manner described above. Instead, an attacker was restricted to code already in memory marked executable, such as the program code itself and any linked shared libraries .

  8. Exploit (computer security) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploit_(computer_security)

    Another classification is by the action against the vulnerable system; unauthorized data access, arbitrary code execution, and denial of service are examples. Exploitations are commonly categorized and named [ 9 ] [ 10 ] by the type of vulnerability they exploit (see vulnerabilities for a list) [ clarification needed ] , whether they are local ...

  9. Windows Metafile vulnerability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Metafile_vulnerability

    The Windows Metafile vulnerability—also called the Metafile Image Code Execution and abbreviated MICE—is a security vulnerability in the way some versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system handled images in the Windows Metafile format. It permits arbitrary code to be executed on affected computers without the permission of their ...

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