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The cities of Magna Graecia and of Etruria are among the earliest examples of city-states in Italy. The Latin settlement of Rome also was a city-state, founded in the 753 BC. Rome eventually created many colonies and municipi on earlier Etruscan, Umbrian, or Celtic settlements throughout Italy. The network of Roman cities in Italy survived the ...
Political map of Italy in the year 1843. Following the defeat of Napoleon's France, the Congress of Vienna (1815) was convened to redraw the European continent. In Italy, the Congress restored the pre-Napoleonic patchwork of independent governments, either directly ruled or strongly influenced by the prevailing European powers, particularly ...
This image is a derivative work of the following images: File:Map_of_Italy_(1494)-it.svg licensed with PD-self, PD-user . 2009-04-11T16:38:29Z Rhegion 3245x3948 (549260 Bytes) aggiunta Reggio
The Renaissance began in Tuscany in Central Italy and centred in the city of Florence. [2] The Florentine Republic, one of the several city-states of the peninsula, rose to economic and political prominence by providing credit for European monarchs and by laying down the groundwork for developments in capitalism and in banking. [3]
Renaissance politics developed from this background. Since the 13th century, as armies became primarily composed of mercenaries, prosperous city-states could field considerable forces, despite their low populations. In the course of the 15th century, the most powerful city-states annexed their smaller neighbors.
Over the 15th century, the most powerful city-states annexed their smaller neighbours: Florence took Pisa in 1406, Venice captured Padua and Verona, while the Duchy of Milan annexed nearby areas including Pavia and Parma. The early Renaissance saw almost constant warfare on land and sea as the city-states vied for preeminence.
That fall, the Roman Republic also collapsed and the French were by now virtually cleared from Italy. Political map of Italy in the years around 1810. After seizing power as consul in France, Napoleon launched a renewed invasion of Italy. Milan fell on June 2, 1800 and Austrian defeats there and in Germany ended the War of the Second Coalition.
Map of the Papal States (green) in 1789, including its exclaves of Benevento and Pontecorvo in southern Italy, and the Comtat Venaissin and Avignon in southern France The legations of the Papal States in 1850: Rome , I. Romagna , II.