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The moment of inertia depends on how mass is distributed around an axis of rotation, and will vary depending on the chosen axis. For a point-like mass, the moment of inertia about some axis is given by , where is the distance of the point from the axis, and is the mass. For an extended rigid body, the moment of inertia is just the sum of all ...
The moments of inertia of a mass have units of dimension ML 2 ([mass] × [length] 2). It should not be confused with the second moment of area, which has units of dimension L 4 ([length] 4) and is used in beam calculations. The mass moment of inertia is often also known as the rotational inertia, and sometimes as the angular mass.
Moment of inertia (MOI) I: Discrete Masses: = ... Moment of a force about a position point r 0, ... Defining equation (physical chemistry)
Similarly, for a point mass the moment of inertia is defined as, = where is the radius of the point mass from the center of rotation, and for any collection of particles as the sum, =. Angular momentum's dependence on position and shape is reflected in its units versus linear momentum: kg⋅m 2 /s or N⋅m⋅s for angular momentum versus kg⋅m ...
For typical applications in nuclear physics, where one particle's mass is much larger than the other the reduced mass can be approximated as the smaller mass of the system. The limit of the reduced mass formula as one mass goes to infinity is the smaller mass, thus this approximation is used to ease calculations, especially when the larger ...
The moment of inertia is the 2nd moment of mass: = for a point mass, for a collection of point masses, or () for an object with mass distribution (). The center of mass is often (but not always) taken as the reference point.
Euler's second law states that the rate of change of angular momentum L about a point that is fixed in an inertial reference frame (often the center of mass of the body), is equal to the sum of the external moments of force acting on that body M about that point: [1] [4] [5] =.
The second polar moment of area, also known (incorrectly, colloquially) as "polar moment of inertia" or even "moment of inertia", is a quantity used to describe resistance to torsional deformation (), in objects (or segments of an object) with an invariant cross-section and no significant warping or out-of-plane deformation. [1]