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According to the United States National Library of Medicine's medical subject headings, the term neurotrophin may be used as a synonym for neurotrophic factor, [5] but the term neurotrophin is more generally reserved for four structurally related factors: nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4). [6]
Neurotrophic factors also promote the initial growth and development of neurons in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, and they are capable of regrowing damaged neurons in test tubes and animal models. [1] [4] Some neurotrophic factors are also released by the target tissue in order to guide the growth of developing axons.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), or abrineurin, [5] is a protein [6] that, in humans, is encoded by the BDNF gene. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] BDNF is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are related to the canonical nerve growth factor (NGF), a family which also includes NT-3 and NT-4 /NT-5.
A neurotropic virus is said to be neuroinvasive if it is capable of accessing or entering the nervous system and neurovirulent if it is capable of causing disease within the nervous system. Both terms are often applied to central nervous system infections, although some neurotropic viruses are highly neuroinvasive for the peripheral nervous ...
4803 18049 Ensembl ENSG00000134259 ENSMUSG00000027859 UniProt P01138 P01139 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002506 NM_001112698 NM_013609 RefSeq (protein) NP_002497 NP_001106168 NP_038637 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 115.29 – 115.34 Mb Chr 3: 102.38 – 102.43 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor and neuropeptide primarily involved in the ...
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the GDNF gene. [5] GDNF is a small protein that potently promotes the survival of many types of neurons. [6] It signals through GFRα receptors, particularly GFRα1.
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Neurotrophic factors are biomolecules – nearly all of which are peptides or small proteins – that support the growth, survival, and differentiation of both developing and mature neurons. [2] [3] [4] Examples of notable neurotrophic factors include: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)