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All fluoridation methods, including water fluoridation, create low levels of fluoride ions in saliva and plaque fluid, thus exerting a topical or surface effect. A person living in an area with fluoridated water may experience rises of fluoride concentration in saliva to about 0.04 mg/L several times during a day. [3]
The water fluoridation controversy arises from political, ethical, economic, and health considerations regarding the fluoridation of public water supplies.For deprived groups in both maturing and matured countries, international and national agencies and dental associations across the world support the safety and effectiveness of water fluoridation. [1]
Fluoride can be delivered by many chemical methods (sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, amine fluoride, monofluorophosphate, and more). The anti-caries performance differences between them have been shown to have less effect than variations in behavior shown by individuals in brushing, using fluoride products and post use behavior.
In fact, 75% of fluoride intake comes from drinking water with added fluoride and from food and beverages, such as sodas and fruit juice, made with fluoridated water, according to the CDC.
The American Dental Association, which has supported water fluoridation since 1950, disputes that, pointing out that the amount of fluoride in an entire tube of toothpaste wouldn't be fatal, but ...
The widespread use of toothpaste and mouthwashes with added fluoride in recent decades appears to have diminished the known public health benefits of water fluoridation, a new study suggests.
The CDC recommends water fluoridation at a level of 0.7–1.2 mg/L, depending on climate. The CDC also advises parents to monitor use of fluoride toothpaste, and use an alternative water source other than a natural water source with a fluoride concentration above 2 mg/L, for children up to the age of 8.
Adding fluoride to drinking water may be less effective now than it was in the past, according to a major review. The benefits of fluoridating water supplies appear to have declined since the ...