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A cystocele protruding through the vagina in a 73-year-old woman. The cystocele, also known as a prolapsed bladder, is a medical condition in which a woman's bladder bulges into her vagina. [1] [5] Some may have no symptoms. [6] Others may have trouble starting urination, urinary incontinence, or frequent urination. [1]
A cystocele protruding through the vagina in a 73 year old woman. Large rectocele. Anterior vaginal wall prolapse. Cystocele (bladder into vagina) Urethrocele (urethra into vagina) Cystourethrocele (both bladder and urethra) Posterior vaginal wall prolapse. Enterocele (small intestine into vagina) Rectocele (rectum into vagina) Sigmoidocele ...
Rectocele also tends to occur with other forms of pelvic organ prolapse, such as enterocele, sigmoidocele and cystocele. [1] Although the term applies most often to this condition in females, males can also develop it. Rectoceles in men are uncommon, and associated with prostatectomy.
The absence of vaginal rugae seen in the normal vagina of a healthy woman may be an indication of a prolapsed bladder (cystocele) or rectocele. [13] [12] An enterocele, or bulging of the bowel into the vagina can also cause vaginal rugae to disappear. [16] The absence of vaginal rugae may also be an indicator of pelvic organ prolapse.
Vaginal cysts resemble other structures that protrude from the vagina such as rectocele and cystocele. Histological assessment is needed to determine the specific type of cyst. [1] Vaginal cysts are often discovered during a routine pelvic exam or pap smear. [10] [9] Cysts are also discovered during a bimanual exam. [15]
In the US, greater than 200,000 surgeries are performed each year for pelvic organ prolapse. Examples of pelvic organ prolapse are cystocele, rectocele, urethrocele, enterocele and sigmoidocele. Cystocele is the most common. [10] [2]
It is the surgical intervention for both cystocele (protrusion of the urinary bladder into the vagina) and rectocele (protrusion of the rectum into the vagina). [citation needed] The repair may be to either or both of the anterior (front) or posterior (rear) vaginal walls, thus the origin of some of its alternative names. [1] [2] [3]
They can also enlarge to substantial proportions and be mistaken for urethral diverticulum or cystocele. [3] [4] In some rare instances, they can be congenital. [2] There is a small association between Gartner's duct cysts and metanephric urinary anomalies, such as ectopic ureter and ipsilateral renal hypoplasia. [5]