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Prolactin cells are acidophilic by hematoxylin & eosin stains and, If these cells undergo neoplastic transformation, they will give rise to a prolactinoma, a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma. [3] Prolactinoma is a tumor of the pituitary gland that is typically non-cancerous. This disorder is more common in females than males.
In mammals, prolactin is associated with milk production; in fish it is thought to be related to the control of water and salt balance. Prolactin also acts in a cytokine-like manner and as an important regulator of the immune system. It has important cell cycle-related functions as a growth-, differentiating- and anti-apoptotic factor.
The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is a type I cytokine receptor [1] encoded in humans by the PRLR gene on chromosome 5p13-14. It is the receptor for prolactin (PRL). The PRLR can also bind to and be activated by growth hormone (GH) and human placental lactogen (hPL).
623503 Ensembl ENSG00000071677 ENSMUSG00000090550 UniProt P81277 G3UWC3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_015893 NM_001101647 RefSeq (protein) NP_056977 NP_001095117 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 237.57 – 237.57 Mb Chr 1: 90.88 – 90.88 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is a peptide hormone that in humans is encoded by the PRLH gene. PrRP stimulates ...
Prolactin promotes milk production in human females. Its secretion is prompted by prolactin-releasing hormone and inhibited by prolactin-inhibiting hormone. The intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland secretes only one enzyme that is melanocyte stimulating hormone. It is linked with the formation of the black pigment in our skin called melanin.
The release of prolactin triggers the cells in the alveoli to make milk. Prolactin also transfers to the breast milk. Some research indicates that prolactin in milk is greater at times of higher milk production, and lower when breasts are fuller, and that the highest levels tend to occur between 2 a.m. and 6 a.m. [7]
A somatomammotroph or somatomammotrophic cell, also known as a somatolactotroph or somatolactotrophic cell, is a type of cell of the anterior pituitary gland that produces both somatotropin (growth hormone) and prolactin. Cells that secrete only somatotropin or only prolactin are known as somatotrophs and mammotrophs, respectively.
The pituitary gland (or hypophysis) is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weighing 0.5 grams (0.018 oz) in humans. It is a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base of the brain, and rests in a small, bony cavity (sella turcica) covered by a dural fold (diaphragma sellae).