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Vascular dementia is the second-most-common form of dementia after Alzheimer's disease in older adults. [4] The prevalence of the illness is 1.5% in Western countries and approximately 2.2% in Japan. It accounts for 50% of all dementias in Japan, 20% to 40% in Europe and 15% in Latin America. 25% of people with stroke develop new-onset dementia ...
The Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Exam is a brief screening assessment used to detect cognitive impairment. [1] It was developed in 2006 at the Saint Louis University School of Medicine Division of Geriatric Medicine, in affiliation with a Veterans' Affairs medical center. [2]
The Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) is a questionnaire that can be filled out by a relative or other supporter of an older person to determine whether that person has declined in cognitive functioning. The IQCODE is used as a screening test for dementia. If the person is found to have significant cognitive ...
The M-ACE is scored out of 30, with a higher score indicating better cognitive function, and has two recommended cut-off scores (25 and 21). The higher cut-off score has both high specificity and sensitivity and is at least five times more likely to have come from a dementia patient than without.
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a widely used screening assessment for detecting cognitive impairment. [1] It was created in 1996 by Ziad Nasreddine in Montreal, Quebec. It was validated in the setting of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and has subsequently been adopted in numerous other clinical settings. This test consists of 30 ...
The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) is a brief neuropsychological assessment used to assess the severity of cognitive symptoms of dementia. It is one of the most widely used cognitive scales in clinical trials [ 1 ] and is considered to be the “gold standard” for assessing antidementia treatments.
The user/general practitioner is asked to conduct the informant interview. Someone scoring 4 points or less is very likely to have cognitive impairment. There is no need to complete the informant interview. However, the conduction of standard investigations such as lab tests is required to rule out reversible causes of cognitive impairment.
Evaluation of WTAR scores across the degree of sustained TBI (mild, moderate, severe) suggests that the assessment may underestimate premorbid IQ in patients with more severe damage. [6] In patients with Alzheimer's disease, WTAR scores declined as the degree of cognitive impairment increased in more affected individuals.