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Thus, if both bits in the compared position are 1, the bit in the resulting binary representation is 1 (1 × 1 = 1); otherwise, the result is 0 (1 × 0 = 0 and 0 × 0 = 0). For example: 0101 (decimal 5) AND 0011 (decimal 3) = 0001 (decimal 1) The operation may be used to determine whether a particular bit is set (1) or cleared (0). For example ...
[1] [2] Flags may be found as members of a defined data structure, such as a database record, and the meaning of the value contained in a flag will generally be defined in relation to the data structure it is part of. In many cases, the binary value of a flag will be understood to represent one of several possible states or statuses.
In computer science, an integer literal is a kind of literal for an integer whose value is directly represented in source code.For example, in the assignment statement x = 1, the string 1 is an integer literal indicating the value 1, while in the statement x = 0x10 the string 0x10 is an integer literal indicating the value 16, which is represented by 10 in hexadecimal (indicated by the 0x prefix).
An integral type with n bits can encode 2 n numbers; for example an unsigned type typically represents the non-negative values 0 through 2 n − 1. Other encodings of integer values to bit patterns are sometimes used, for example binary-coded decimal or Gray code, or as printed character codes such as ASCII. There are four well-known ways to ...
Binary search Visualization of the binary search algorithm where 7 is the target value Class Search algorithm Data structure Array Worst-case performance O (log n) Best-case performance O (1) Average performance O (log n) Worst-case space complexity O (1) Optimal Yes In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search, logarithmic search, or binary chop, is a search ...
for i from 0 to n/w-1 index := 0 // if needed word := a[i] for b from 0 to w-1 value := word and 1 ≠ 0 word := word shift right 1 // do something with value index := index + 1 // if needed Both of these code samples exhibit ideal locality of reference , which will subsequently receive large performance boost from a data cache.
For this reason, bit index is not affected by how the value is stored on the device, such as the value's byte order. Rather, it is a property of the numeric value in binary itself. This is often utilized in programming via bit shifting: A value of 1 << n corresponds to the n th bit of a binary integer (with a value of 2 n).
The formal definition of an arithmetic shift, from Federal Standard 1037C is that it is: . A shift, applied to the representation of a number in a fixed radix numeration system and in a fixed-point representation system, and in which only the characters representing the fixed-point part of the number are moved.