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2. Proportionality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_(mathematics)

   In mathematics, two sequences of numbers, often experimental data, are proportional or directly proportional if their corresponding elements have a constant ratio. The ratio is called coefficient of proportionality (or proportionality constant ) and its reciprocal is known as constant of normalization (or normalizing constant ).

3. Proportional reasoning - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_reasoning

   In mathematics and in physics, proportionality is a mathematical relation between two quantities; it can be expressed as an equality of two ratios: = Functionally, proportionality can be a relationship between variables in a mathematical equation.

4. Proportion (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportion_(mathematics)

   A proportion is a mathematical statement expressing equality of two ratios. [1] [2]: =: a and d are called extremes, b and c are called means. Proportion can be written as =, where ratios are expressed as fractions.

5. Proportionality - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality

   Proportionality (mathematics), the property of two variables being in a multiplicative relation to a constant; Ratio, of one quantity to another, especially of a part compared to a whole Fraction (mathematics) Aspect ratio or proportions; Proportional division, a kind of fair division; Percentage, a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100

6. Power law - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_law

   In statistics, a power law is a functional relationship between two quantities, where a relative change in one quantity results in a relative change in the other quantity proportional to the change raised to a constant exponent: one quantity varies as a power of another. The change is independent of the initial size of those quantities.

7. Square–cube law - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square–cube_law

   This picture clarifies the relationship between a polyhedron's side length, its surface area, and its volume. The square–cube law can be stated as follows: When an object undergoes a proportional increase in size, its new surface area is proportional to the square of the multiplier and its new volume is proportional to the cube of the multiplier.