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Since most people have medium voices, they are often assigned a part that is either too high or too low for them; the mezzo-soprano must sing soprano or alto and the baritone must sing tenor or bass. Either option can present problems for the singer, but for most singers there are fewer dangers in singing too low, than in singing too high.
When the soprano and alto are notated in one staff, all stems for the soprano go up, and all for the alto go down. Similarly, when the tenor and bass are notated in one staff, the upper voice is marked by stems up, and both voices are written in bass clef, while the tenor is usually written in treble clef marked an octave down if it has its own staff.
In SATB four-part mixed chorus, the bass is the lowest vocal range, below the tenor, alto, and soprano. Voices are subdivided into first bass and second bass with no distinction being made between bass and baritone voices, in contrast to the three-fold (tenor–baritone–bass) categorization of solo voices.
Within contemporary music, however, the use of the term tenor for these male voices would be more appropriate. [2] Within choral music there are only four categories for adult singers: soprano and alto for women, tenor and bass for men. [12]
These basic types are soprano, mezzo-soprano, and contralto for women, and tenor, baritone, and bass for men. [6] Within choral music the system is collapsed into only four categories for adult singers: soprano and alto for women, and tenor and bass for men. [7]
The four main voices are typically labelled as soprano (or treble and countertenor), [2] alto (contralto, countertenor or mezzo), tenor, and bass. Because the human voice has a limited range, different voice types are usually not able to sing pitches that lie outside of their specific range.
Occasionally baritone voice is also used (e.g., SATBarB), often sung by the higher basses. In smaller choirs with fewer men, SAB, or soprano, alto, and baritone arrangements allow the few men to share the role of both the tenor and bass in a single part and altos may also sing the tenor part.
The tenor is a type of male singing voice and is the highest male voice within the modal register. The typical tenor voice lies between C 3 (C one octave below middle C), to the high C (C 5). The low extreme for tenors is roughly A 2 (two octaves below middle C). At the highest extreme, some tenors can sing up to F one octave above middle C (F ...
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