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  2. Specific impulse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_impulse

    Specific impulse should not be confused with total thrust. Thrust is the force supplied by the engine and depends on the propellant mass flow through the engine. Specific impulse measures the thrust per propellant mass flow. Thrust and specific impulse are related by the design and propellants of the engine in question, but this relationship is ...

  3. Tsiolkovsky rocket equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsiolkovsky_rocket_equation

    A rocket's required mass ratio as a function of effective exhaust velocity ratio. The classical rocket equation, or ideal rocket equation is a mathematical equation that describes the motion of vehicles that follow the basic principle of a rocket: a device that can apply acceleration to itself using thrust by expelling part of its mass with high velocity and can thereby move due to the ...

  4. Impulse (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impulse_(physics)

    In the case of rockets, the impulse imparted can be normalized by unit of propellant expended, to create a performance parameter, specific impulse. This fact can be used to derive the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation , which relates the vehicle's propulsive change in velocity to the engine's specific impulse (or nozzle exhaust velocity) and the ...

  5. Rocket propellant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_propellant

    The primary specific impulse advantage of liquid propellants is due to the availability of high-performance oxidizers. Several practical liquid oxidizers ( liquid oxygen , dinitrogen tetroxide , and hydrogen peroxide ) are available which have better specific impulse than the ammonium perchlorate used in most solid rockets when paired with ...

  6. Microwave electrothermal thruster - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwave_electrothermal...

    The formula for specific impulse is given as: = / ˙ Where is given as specific impulse, as thrust in N, ˙ as mass flow rate in kg/s, and as the gravitational ...

  7. Spacecraft flight dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecraft_flight_dynamics

    The specific impulse relates the delta-v capacity to the quantity of propellant consumed according to the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation: [5] = ⁡ where: m 0 {\displaystyle m_{0}} is the initial total mass, including propellant, in kg (or lb)

  8. Rocket engine nozzle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle

    The specific impulse is the ratio of the thrust produced to the weight flow of the propellants. It is a measure of the fuel ... the formula becomes

  9. Characteristic velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_velocity

    Specific impulse and effective exhaust velocity are dependent on the nozzle design unlike the characteristic velocity, explaining why C-star is an important value when comparing different propulsion system efficiencies. c* can be useful when comparing actual combustion performance to theoretical performance in order to determine how completely ...