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An example of a spirocyclic compound is the photochromic switch spiropyran. In fused/condensed [ 5 ] bicyclic compounds , two rings share two adjacent atoms. In other words, the rings share one covalent bond, i.e. the bridgehead atoms are directly connected ( e.g. α-thujene and decalin ).
[citation needed] The term macrocycle is used when a ring-containing compound has a ring of 12 or more atoms. [6] [7] The term polycyclic is used when more than one ring appears in a single molecule. Naphthalene is formally a polycyclic compound, but is more specifically named as a bicyclic compound. Several examples of macrocyclic and ...
Spiro compounds are often prepared by diverse rearrangement reactions. For example, the pinacol-pinacolone rearrangement is illustrated below. [3]: 985 is employed in the preparation of aspiro[4.5]decane. [12]]. The synthesis of a spiro-keto compound form a symmetrical diol
Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles. [2] Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes. More than half of ...
In chemistry, catenation is the bonding of atoms of the same element into a series, called a chain. [1] A chain or a ring may be open if its ends are not bonded to each other (an open-chain compound), or closed if they are bonded in a ring (a cyclic compound). The words to catenate and catenation reflect the Latin root catena, "chain".
In chemistry, a chemical oscillator is a complex mixture of reacting chemical compounds in which the concentration of one or more components exhibits periodic changes. They are a class of reactions that serve as an example of non-equilibrium thermodynamics with far-from-equilibrium behavior.
The best way to store vitamins for optimal shelf-life Elements like heat, humidity, light, and air are the “main enemies of vitamin freshness,” says Blatner. “Keep them cool, dry, and out of ...
A fundamental difference exists between chemistry as it is performed in most laboratories and chemistry as it occurs in life. Laboratory processes are mostly designed such that the (closed) system goes thermodynamically downhill; i.e. the product state is of lower Gibbs free energy, yielding stable molecules that can be isolated and stored.