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Brand collaborations refer to the short-lived or ephemeral "partnerships between brands in which their images, legacies and values intertwine." [47] p.13 Brand collaborations can be unconventional when brands partner with other brands or designers seemingly on the opposite spectrum in terms of design, esthetics, positioning and values.
Brand awareness is related to the functions of brand identities in consumers’ memory and can be measured by how well the consumers can identify the brand under various conditions. [2] Brand awareness plays an important role in the consumer's purchasing decision-making process that tends to sustainable business growth and loyalty.
Once a brand has achieved a strong position, it can become difficult to reposition it. To effectively position a brand and create a lasting brand memory, brands need to be able to connect to consumers in an authentic way, creating a brand persona usually helps build this sort of connection. Positioning is one of the most powerful marketing ...
Market research is a way of getting an overview of consumers' wants, needs and beliefs. It can also involve discovering how they act. The research can be used to determine how a product could be marketed. Peter Drucker believed [15] market research to be the quintessence of marketing. Market research is a way that producers and the marketplace ...
Unlike brand recognition, brand recall (also known as unaided brand recall or spontaneous brand recall) is the ability of the customer retrieving the brand correctly from memory. [11] Rather than being given a choice of multiple brands to satisfy a need, consumers are faced with a need first, and then must recall a brand from their memory to ...
The origins of the 4 Ps can be traced to the late 1940s. [8] [9] The first known mention of a mix has been attributed to a Professor of Marketing at Harvard University, James Culliton. [10] In 1948, Culliton published an article entitled, The Management of Marketing Costs [11] in which Culliton describes marketers as "mixers of ingredients".
Instead of being able to calmly focus on her chemotherapy treatment, Arete Tsoukalas had to spend hours on the phone arguing with her insurer while receiving infusions in the hospital.
Perception is not always reality. Consumers do not always have complete information about a product's or service's attributes; indirect measures may be their only basis for comparing brands. A product's durability for example, can seldom be observed directly; it usually must be inferred from various tangible and intangible aspects of the product.