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Converting ruler distance on the Mercator map into true (great circle) distance on the sphere is straightforward along the equator but nowhere else. One problem is the variation of scale with latitude, and another is that straight lines on the map ( rhumb lines ), other than the meridians or the equator, do not correspond to great circles.
Web Mercator: Cylindrical Compromise Google: Variant of Mercator that ignores Earth's ellipticity for fast calculation, and clips latitudes to ~85.05° for square presentation. De facto standard for Web mapping applications. 1822 Gauss–Krüger = Gauss conformal = (ellipsoidal) transverse Mercator: Cylindrical Conformal Carl Friedrich Gauss
Gerardus Mercator (/ dʒ ɪ ˈ r ɑːr d ə s m ɜːr ˈ k eɪ t ər /; [a] [b] [c] 5 March 1512 – 2 December 1594) [d] was a Flemish geographer, cosmographer and cartographer.He is most renowned for creating the 1569 world map based on a new projection which represented sailing courses of constant bearing (rhumb lines) as straight lines—an innovation that is still employed in nautical charts.
Mercator's 1569 map was a large planisphere, [3] i.e. a projection of the spherical Earth onto the plane. It was printed in eighteen separate sheets from copper plates engraved by Mercator himself. [4]
Mercator Nova et Aucta Orbis Terrae Descriptio, 1569. High res image. Flemish geographer and cartographer Gerardus Mercator world map of 1569 introduced a cylindrical map projection that became the standard map projection known as the Mercator projection. It was a large planisphere measuring 202 by 124 cm (80 by 49 in), printed in eighteen ...
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The Mercator projection and its use on a world map. This projection first came into use in the 16th century by the Dutch. This projection first came into use in the 16th century by the Dutch. A circle of latitude or line of latitude on Earth is an abstract east – west small circle connecting all locations around Earth (ignoring elevation ) at ...
From ancient history to the modern day, the clitoris has been discredited, dismissed and deleted -- and women's pleasure has often been left out of the conversation entirely. Now, an underground art movement led by artist Sophia Wallace is emerging across the globe to challenge the lies, question the myths and rewrite the rules around sex and the female body.