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Inca architecture is widely known for its fine masonry, which features precisely cut and shaped stones closely fitted without mortar ("dry"). [15] However, despite this fame, most Inca buildings were actually made out of fieldstone and adobe as described above. [16]
A qullqa (Quechua pronunciation: [ˈqʊʎˌqa] "deposit, storehouse"; [1] (spelling variants: colca, collca, qolca, qollca) was a storage building found along roads and near the cities and political centers of the Inca Empire. [2] These were large stone buildings with roofs thatched with "ichu" grass, or what is known as Peruvian feathergrass ...
A tambo (Quechua: tampu, "inn") was an Inca structure built for administrative and military purposes. Found along the extensive roads, tambos typically contained supplies, served as lodging for itinerant state personnel, [1] and were depositories of quipu-based accounting records.
Tambo Viejo is an archaeological site that extends over approximately 44 hectares (110 acres) in the north of the Arequipa region of southern Peru. [1] The site presents evidence of human occupation from the Early Intermediate period, including examples of Early Nasca pottery, to structures of the Inca period and remains from the Spanish colonial period.
Architecture was the most important of the Inca arts, with textiles reflecting architectural motifs. The most notable example is Machu Picchu, which was constructed by Inca engineers. The prime Inca structures were made of stone blocks that fit together so well that a knife could not be fitted through the stonework.
There were many buildings within the fortress, some small, one over the other, and others, which were large, were underground. They made two blocks of buildings, one larger than the other, wide and so well-built, that I know not how I can exaggerate the art with which the stones are laid and worked; and they say that the subterranean edifices ...
Some of the so-called "H-blocks" which were interconnected (or intended to interconnect) with other andesite blocks forming blind miniature gateways. [28] What the gateways looked like is depicted in the monolith called "Escritorio del Inca", which is an accurate and reduced-scale model of a full-scale architectural form. [29]
It has been suggested [10]: 229 That the origin of kanchas may derive from pre-Inca coastal architecture, especially from the Chimú culture, which flourished between 900 CE and the conquest by the Inca emperor Topa Inca Yupanqui around 1470 [1]: 81–84 or from the Wari culture which developed in the south-central Andes and coastal area of modern-day Peru, from about 500 to 1000 CE.