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In respiratory physiology, the ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q ratio) is a ratio used to assess the efficiency and adequacy of the ventilation-perfusion coupling and thus the matching of two variables: V – ventilation – the air that reaches the alveoli. Q – perfusion – the blood that reaches the alveoli via the capillaries.
The V/Q ratio in the apex is roughly 3.3 and 0.63 in the base, which indicates that perfusion is greater than ventilation towards the base, and the ventilation rate is greater than perfusion towards the apex. [3] Towards the base of the lungs, the fluid volume in the pleural cavity increases due to gravity, resulting in greater intrapleural ...
Local venous pressure falls to -5 at the apexes and rises to +15 mmHg at the bases, again for the erect lung. Pulmonary blood pressure is typically in the range 25–10 mmHg with a mean pressure of 15 mmHg. Regional arterial blood pressure is typically in the range 5 mmHg near the apex of the lung to 25 mmHg at the base.
Mazda claimed to have solved the apex seal problem, operating test engines at high speed for 300 hours without failure. [11] After years of development, Mazda's first rotary engine car was the 1967 Cosmo 110S. The company followed with several Wankel ("rotary" in the company's terminology) vehicles, including a bus and a pickup truck. Customers ...
Frequency. 2% of people over 65 (developed world) [1] Aortic stenosis (AS or AoS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart (where the aorta begins), such that problems result. [1] It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. [1] It typically gets worse over time. [1]
Lung compliance, or pulmonary compliance, is a measure of the lung 's ability to stretch and expand (distensibility of elastic tissue). In clinical practice it is separated into two different measurements, static compliance and dynamic compliance. Static lung compliance is the change in volume for any given applied pressure. [1]
Siphon coffee. Siphon coffee brewer: when warmed by a heat source (A), vapor pressure increases in the lower chamber (B), forcing the water downwards (C) and through the central pipe into the upper chamber (D) where it is mixed with the coffee grounds. When the heat is removed, the water flows back down.
8452-5. Pulsus paradoxus, also paradoxic pulse or paradoxical pulse, is an abnormally large decrease in stroke volume, systolic blood pressure (a drop more than 10 mmHg) and pulse wave amplitude during inspiration. Pulsus paradoxus is not related to pulse rate or heart rate, and it is not a paradoxical rise in systolic pressure.