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The earliest B&R rig was the result of wind tunnel tests and research by Lars Bergstrom and Sven Ridder at Sweden's Royal Institute of Technology. [6] The first generation, built around 1970, included a backstay and was used on many production boats. A patent application for the B&R rig was submitted in 1973 and was granted in 1975. [1]
Rarely used now they are commonly shown on old pictures and drawings. Typically separate port and starboard vangs were fitted. The primary purpose of the gaff vang is to reduce the twist in the sail caused by the gaff "sagging away to leeward". [1] This sag is the main cause of the gaff rig's poor performance to windward relative to the Bermuda ...
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Sail shape is usually controlled by lines that pull at the corners of the sail, including the outhaul at the clew and the downhaul at the tack on fore-and-aft rigs. The orientation of sails to the wind is controlled primarily by sheets , [ 8 ] but also by braces , which position the yard arms with respect to the wind on square-rigged vessels.
The B&R 23 is designed with a single guiding principle: it should be very fast. No considerations were given to any performance limiting handicap or yardstick rules, or other secondary parameters, such as comfort or ease-of-handling. Thus, the philosophy behind B&R 23's design can be said having been
Gradually Universal Excavators designed by Bucyrus-Erie replaced Ruston & Hornsby designed models. The original range of standardised rope-operated machines included 10RB, 17RB, 19RB, and 33RB and were upgraded through some intermediate models including the 54RB to a main selling range in the 1960s of 22RB, 30RB, 38RB, 61RB, and 71RB.
The rest of the line opened on 1 October 1832 for passenger use only, accepting freight a few months later. It used iron rails on dice stones. The line was 58 km long with 112 bridges and three tunnels. The locomotives were based on George Stephenson's Locomotion, but with a tubular boiler that produced six times more power.
The Hunter 280 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass.It has a fractional sloop B&R rig with a full-batten mainsail and 110% genoa, a raked stem, a walk-through reverse transom with a swimming platform, an internally-mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a wheel or an optional tiller and a fixed fin keel or option shoal-draft wing keel.