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  2. Direct reduced iron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_reduced_iron

    Direct reduction processes can be divided roughly into two categories: gas-based and coal-based. In both cases, the objective of the process is to remove the oxygen contained in various forms of iron ore (sized ore, concentrates, pellets, mill scale, furnace dust, etc.) in order to convert the ore to metallic iron, without melting it (below 1,200 °C (2,190 °F)).

  3. Direct reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_reduction

    In the iron and steel industry, direct reduction is a set of processes for obtaining iron from iron ore, by reducing iron oxides without melting the metal. The resulting product is pre-reduced iron ore. Historically, direct reduction was used to obtain a mix of iron and slag called a bloom in a bloomery.

  4. HIsarna ironmaking process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIsarna_ironmaking_process

    The HIsarna ironmaking process is a direct reduced iron process for iron making in which iron ore is processed almost directly into liquid iron ().The process combines two process units, the Cyclone Converter Furnace (CCF) for ore melting and pre-reduction and a Smelting Reduction Vessel (SRV) where the final reduction stage to liquid iron takes place.

  5. Krupp–Renn process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krupp–Renn_Process

    View of the six rotary furnaces at the Essen–Borbeck direct reduction plant, c. 1964. The Krupp–Renn process was a direct reduction steelmaking process used from the 1930s to the 1970s. It used a rotary furnace and was one of the few technically and commercially successful direct reduction processes in the world, acting as an alternative to ...

  6. Steelmaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelmaking

    Direct-reduced iron can be produced from iron ore as it reacts with atomic hydrogen. Renewable hydrogen allows steelmaking without fossil fuels. Direct reduction occurs at 1,500 °F (820 °C). The iron is infused with carbon (from coal) in an electric arc furnace. Hydrogen electrolysis requires approximately 2600 kWh per ton of steel. Hydrogen ...

  7. Corex Process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corex_Process

    The Corex Process is a smelting reduction process created by Primetals Technologies as a more environmentally friendly alternative to the blast furnace. [1] Presently, the majority of steel production is through the blast furnace which has to rely on coking coal [2] and requires a sinter plant in order to prepare the iron ore for reduction. [3]

  8. Cleveland-Cliffs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland-Cliffs

    Cleveland-Cliffs manages and operates four iron ore mines in Minnesota and two mines in Michigan, one of which, the Empire Mine, has been indefinitely idled. [3] These mines produce various grades of iron ore pellets, including standard and fluxed, for use in blast furnaces as part of the steelmaking process as well as Direct Reduced (DR) grade pellets for use in direct reduced iron (DRI ...

  9. Point Lisas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_Lisas

    ArcelorMittal Point Lisas is the largest steelmaker in the Caribbean and the largest non-oil industrial complex in Trinidad and Tobago. It is a fully integrated mini-mill, using internally produced high-quality direct reduced iron (DRI) to manufacture billets and a wide range of medium to high quality grades of wire rods.