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The Gandhara grave culture of present-day Pakistan is known by its "protohistoric graves", which were spread mainly in the middle Swat River valley and named the Swat Protohistoric Graveyards Complex, dated in that region to c. 1200 –800 BCE. [1]
Gandhara (IAST: Gandhāra) was an ancient Indo-Aryan [1] civilization centred in present-day north-west Pakistan and north-east Afghanistan. [2] [3] [4] The core of the region of Gandhara was the Peshawar and Swat valleys extending as far east as the Pothohar Plateau in Punjab, though the cultural influence of Greater Gandhara extended westwards into the Kabul valley in Afghanistan, and ...
Gandhara Satrapy was established in the general region of the old Gandhara grave culture, in what is today Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. During Achaemenid rule, the Kharosthi alphabet, derived from the one used for Aramaic (the official language of Achaemenids), developed here and remained the national script of Gandhara until 200 CE.
By the later 6th century BCE, the founder of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, Cyrus, soon after his conquests of Media, Lydia, and Babylonia, marched into Gandhara and annexed it into his empire. [11]
Gandhara was an ancient region in the north-west of Pakistan and parts of north-east Afghanistan from Peshawer basin and Swat Valley going far up to Kabul and the Pothohar Plateau. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This region played an important role in the history of South Asia and East Asia . [ 3 ]
Gandhara was an ancient region in north-western South Asia, which existed until the 6th century CE. Gandhara may also refer to: Gandhāra (kingdom), an Iron age kingdom in Gandhara; Gandhara Kingdom, the kingdom as described in the Hindu epics; Gandhara grave culture, an archaeological culture from the 15–6th centuries BCE
Culture: Localisation Era/Late Harappan OCP • Cemetery H • Early Vedic period • Gandhara grave culture: Megalithic (c. 1400-1100 BCE) 1500-1300 BCE: Indo-Aryan migration: 1300-1100 BCE: Wandering Vedic Aryans: IRON AGE (c. 1100-300 BCE) Culture: Middle Vedic Period: Gandhara grave culture: Black and red ware culture: 1100-800 BCE: Vedic ...
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