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[3] Breadth-first search can be generalized to both undirected graphs and directed graphs with a given start node (sometimes referred to as a 'search key'). [4] In state space search in artificial intelligence, repeated searches of vertices are often allowed, while in theoretical analysis of algorithms based on breadth-first search, precautions ...
They may be traversed in depth-first or breadth-first order. There are three common ways to traverse them in depth-first order: in-order, pre-order and post-order. [1] Beyond these basic traversals, various more complex or hybrid schemes are possible, such as depth-limited searches like iterative deepening depth-first search.
In number theory, the Calkin–Wilf tree is a tree in which the vertices correspond one-to-one to the positive rational numbers.The tree is rooted at the number 1, and any rational number q expressed in simplest terms as the fraction a / b has as its two children the numbers 1 / 1+1/q = a / a + b and q + 1 = a + b / b .
A level-order walk effectively performs a breadth-first search over the entirety of a tree; nodes are traversed level by level, where the root node is visited first, followed by its direct child nodes and their siblings, followed by its grandchild nodes and their siblings, etc., until all nodes in the tree have been traversed.
The d-ary heap consists of an array of n items, each of which has a priority associated with it. These items may be viewed as the nodes in a complete d-ary tree, listed in breadth first traversal order: the item at position 0 of the array (using zero-based numbering) forms the root of the tree, the items at positions 1 through d are its children, the next d 2 items are its grandchildren, etc.
A breadth-first traversal creating its output in the top-down order, corecursively, can be also implemented by starting at the root node, outputting its value, [b] then breadth-first traversing the subtrees – i.e., passing on the whole list of subtrees to the next step (not a single subtree, as in the recursive approach) – at the next step ...
The breadth-first-search algorithm is a way to explore the vertices of a graph layer by layer. It is a basic algorithm in graph theory which can be used as a part of other graph algorithms.
A universal traversal sequence is a sequence of instructions comprising a graph traversal for any regular graph with a set number of vertices and for any starting vertex. A probabilistic proof was used by Aleliunas et al. to show that there exists a universal traversal sequence with number of instructions proportional to O ( n 5 ) for any ...