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The following equation is an example, where M represents the given metal: MCO 3 → MO + CO 2. A specific example is that involving calcium carbonate: CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2. Metal chlorates also decompose when heated. In this type of decomposition reaction, a metal chloride and oxygen gas are the products. Here, again, M represents the metal:
Magnesium carbonate, Mg CO 3 ... Like many common group 2 metal carbonates, ... The decomposition temperature is given as 350 °C (662 °F). ...
Copper(II) carbonate or cupric carbonate is a chemical compound with formula CuCO 3. At ambient temperatures, it is an ionic solid (a salt) consisting of copper(II) cations Cu 2+ and carbonate anions CO 2− 3. This compound is rarely encountered because it is difficult to prepare [2] and readily reacts with water moisture from the air.
Calcination is thermal treatment of a solid chemical compound (e.g. mixed carbonate ores) whereby the compound is raised to high temperature without melting under restricted supply of ambient oxygen (i.e. gaseous O 2 fraction of air), generally for the purpose of removing impurities or volatile substances and/or to incur thermal decomposition.
Calcium carbonate (limestone or chalk) decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide when heated. The chemical reaction is as follows: CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2 The reaction is used to make quick lime, which is an industrially important product. Another example of thermal decomposition is 2Pb(NO 3) 2 → 2PbO + O 2 + 4NO 2.
These minerals are primarily carbonates, sulfides, or oxides of the metal, mixed with other components such as silica and alumina. Roasting the carbonate and sulfide minerals in the air converts them to oxides. The oxides, in turn, are smelted into the metal. Carbon monoxide was (and is) the reducing agent of choice for smelting.
Basic copper carbonate is a chemical compound, more properly called copper(II) carbonate hydroxide. It can be classified as a coordination polymer or a salt. It consists of copper(II) bonded to carbonate and hydroxide with formula Cu 2 (CO 3)(OH) 2. It is a green solid that occurs in nature as the mineral malachite.
Nickel(II) carbonate describes one or a mixture of inorganic compounds containing nickel and carbonate. From the industrial perspective, an important nickel carbonate is basic nickel carbonate with the formula Ni 4 CO 3 (OH) 6 (H 2 O) 4. Simpler carbonates, ones more likely encountered in the laboratory, are NiCO 3 and its hexahydrate.