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The principal subdivision of the thalamus into nucleus groups is the trisection of each thalamus (left and right) by a Y-shaped internal medullary lamina. This trisection divides each thalamus into anterior, medial and lateral groups of nuclei. [8] The medial group is subdivided into the medial dorsal nucleus and midline group.
The ganglion cells of the retina project in an orderly fashion to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus and from there to the primary visual cortex (V1); adjacent spots on the retina are represented by adjacent neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus and the primary visual cortex. The term for this pattern of projection is ...
Simplified diagram of frontal cortex to striatum to thalamus pathways. There are five defined frontostriatal circuits: motor and oculomotor circuits originating in the frontal eye fields are involved in motor functions; while dorsolateral prefrontal, orbital frontal, and anterior cingulate circuits are involved in executive functions, social behavior and motivational states. [2]
In neuroanatomy, the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN; also called the lateral geniculate body or lateral geniculate complex) is a structure in the thalamus and a key component of the mammalian visual pathway. It is a small, ovoid, ventral projection of the thalamus where the thalamus connects with the optic nerve. There are two LGNs, one on the ...
The interthalamic adhesion (also known as the massa intermedia, intermediate mass or middle commissure) is a flattened band of tissue that connects both parts of the thalamus at their medial surfaces. The medial surfaces form the upper part of the lateral wall to the third ventricle.
This traditional list does not accord strictly with human thalamic anatomy. Nuclear groups of the thalamus include: anterior nuclear group [1] (anteroventral, [2] anterodorsal, [3] anteromedial [4]) medial nuclear group (medial dorsal nucleus, [5] a.k.a. dorsomedial) parvocellular part [6] (a.k.a. parvicellular part) magnocellular part [7]
The interventricular foramina are two holes (Latin: foramen, pl. foramina) that connect the left and the right lateral ventricles to the third ventricle. [1]They are located on the underside near the midline of the lateral ventricles, [2] and join the third ventricle where its roof meets its anterior surface. [3]
The thalamic reticular nucleus is part of the ventral thalamus that forms a capsule around the thalamus laterally. However, recent evidence from mice and fish question this statement and define it as a dorsal thalamic structure. [1] [2] It is separated from the thalamus by the external medullary lamina.