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Black spruce stand at Arctic Chalet, Inuvik, NT Spruce-pine-fir (SPF) is a classification of lumber that can be traded on commodities exchanges.. In Canada, and parts of the United States, most of the spruce tree species, pine tree species, and fir tree species share similar physical and mechanical characteristics, to the point where lumber derived from any of these species are interchangeable ...
The Log Scaler measures the cut trees to determine the scale (volume) and quality (grade) of the wood to be used for manufacturing. When logs are sold, in order to determine the basis for a sale price in a standard way, the logs are "scaled" which means they are measured, identified as to species, and deductions for defects assigned to produce ...
The AFPA was established in 1942 by a group of lumber brokers to coordinate efforts in dealing with the problems in the Alberta forest industry - which in those days was essentially lumber producers. In 1950, the AFPA prepared the first marketing booklet for " Western White Spruce " lumber as "Spruce-Pine-Fir" (SPF), for distribution to buyers ...
Certified wood and paper products come from responsibly managed forests – as defined by a particular standard. With third-party forest certification, an independent standards setting organization (SSO) develops standards for good forest management, and independent auditing companies issue certificates to forest operations that comply with ...
"A decision support system for forest density management within upland black spruce stand-types." [10] Staman: Stand table model: New Brunswick: Acadian Forests: Eastern SPF, Tolerant hardwoods: Even-aged and uneven-aged: Silviculture: 1, 2, 5
Finished lumber is supplied in standard sizes, mostly for the construction industry – primarily softwood, from coniferous species, including pine, fir and spruce (collectively spruce-pine-fir), cedar, and hemlock, but also some hardwood, for high-grade flooring. It is more commonly made from softwood than hardwoods, and 80% of lumber comes ...
Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) Red pine (North America) (Pinus resinosa) Scots pine, red pine (UK) (Pinus sylvestris) White pine. Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) Western white pine (Pinus monticola) Sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana) Southern yellow pine
In the narrow sense of the terms, wood, forest, forestry and timber/lumber industry appear to point to different sectors, in the industrialized, internationalized world, there is a tendency toward huge integrated businesses that cover the complete spectrum from silviculture and forestry in private primary or secondary forests or plantations via the logging process up to wood processing and ...