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  2. Chronic kidney disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_kidney_disease

    1.2 million (2015) [ 6 ] Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of long-term kidney disease, in which either there is a gradual loss of kidney function occurs over a period of months to years, or abnormal kidney structure (with normal function). [ 2 ][ 5 ] Initially generally no symptoms are seen, but later symptoms may include leg swelling ...

  3. Kidney failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure

    Chronic: 1 per 1,000 (US) [1] Kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. [2] Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure, which develops rapidly and may ...

  4. Assessment of kidney function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assessment_of_kidney_function

    The severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is described by six stages; the most severe three are defined by the MDRD-eGFR value, and first three also depend on whether there is other evidence of kidney disease (e.g., proteinuria): 0) Normal kidney function – GFR above 90 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2) and no proteinuria

  5. Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_filtration_rate

    The normal range of GFR, adjusted for body surface area, is 100–130 average 125 mL/min/1.73m 2 in men and 90–120 ml/min/1.73m 2 in women younger than the age of 40. In children, GFR measured by inulin clearance is 110 mL/min/1.73 m 2 until 2 years of age in both sexes, and then it progressively decreases.

  6. Diabetic nephropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_nephropathy

    Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, [ 5 ] is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. The triad of protein leaking into the urine (proteinuria or albuminuria ...

  7. Nephrotic syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotic_syndrome

    Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. This includes protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and significant swelling. Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine. Complications may include blood clots, infections, and high blood pressure.

  8. Ketogenic diet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketogenic_diet

    His trial on a few epilepsy patients in 1921 was the first use of the ketogenic diet as a treatment for epilepsy. [ 10 ] Wilder's colleague, paediatrician Mynie Gustav Peterman , later formulated the classic diet, with a ratio of one gram of protein per kilogram of body weight in children, 10–15 g of carbohydrate per day, and the remainder of ...

  9. Renal replacement therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_replacement_therapy

    Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is therapy that replaces the normal blood -filtering function of the kidneys. It is used when the kidneys are not working well, which is called kidney failure and includes acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Renal replacement therapy includes dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis ...

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