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The history of ancient Israel and Judah spans from the early appearance of the Israelites in Canaan 's hill country during the late second millennium BCE, to the establishment and subsequent downfall of the two Israelite kingdoms in the mid-first millennium BCE. This history unfolds within the Southern Levant during the Iron Age.
8 October. Israel–Hezbollah conflict:Hezbollah begins attacking northern Israel and the occupied Golan Heights. 27 October. Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip:The IDF launched a full-scale invasion of the Gaza Strip with the goal of eliminating Hamas and releasing the hostages.
World Jewish population around 7.7 million, 90% in Europe, mostly Eastern Europe; around 3.5 million in the former Polish provinces. 1881–1884, 1903–1906, 1918–1920. Three major waves of pogroms kill tens of thousands of Jews in Russia and Ukraine. More than two million Russian Jews emigrate in the period 1881–1920.
See also: Origins of Judaism, Biblical archaeology, and The Bible and history. The earliest recorded evidence of a people by the name of Israel (as ysrỉꜣr) occurs in the Egyptian Merneptah Stele, erected for Pharaoh Merneptah(son of Ramesses II) c. 1209 BCE, which states "Israel is laid waste and his seed is not."
Ancient Jewish history is known from the Bible, extra-biblical sources, apocrypha and pseudoepigrapha, the writings of Josephus, Greco-Roman authors and church fathers, as well as archaeological finds, inscriptions, ancient documents (such as the Papyri from Elephantine and the Fayyum, the Dead Sea scrolls, the Bar Kokhba letters, the Babatha ...
King Jeroboam of Israel, prophecy of Ahijah c. 913 BC–c. 910 BC [citation needed] King Asa of Judah. prophecies of Elijah, Micaiah, and Elisha. c. 837 BC–c. 800 BC [citation needed] King Joash of Judah. prophecy of Jonah [1] during the time of Babylonian captivity, though dating of the book ranges from the 6th to the late 3rd century BC.
The Masoretic Text is the basis of modern Jewish and Christian bibles. While difficulties with biblical texts make it impossible to reach sure conclusions, perhaps the most widely held hypothesis is that it embodies an overall scheme of 4,000 years (a "great year") taking the re-dedication of the Temple by the Maccabees in 164 BCE as its end-point. [4]
The article deals with the biblical and historical kings of the Land of Israel - Abimelech of Sichem, the three kings of the United Kingdom of Israel and those of its successor states, Israel and Judah, followed in the Second Temple period, part of classical antiquity, by the kingdoms ruled by the Hasmonean and Herodian dynasties.