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Atherosclerosis, the narrowing of the blood vessels due to the buildup of plaque, and the coronary artery disease that often follows can cause heart attacks or cardiac arrest and is the leading cause of death worldwide resulting in 8.9 million deaths or 16% of all deaths. [17] [18] Blood vessel permeability is increased in inflammation.
Vein. Structure of a vein, which consists of three main layers; an outer layer of connective tissue, a middle layer of smooth muscle, and an inner layer lined with endothelium. Veins (/ veɪn /) are blood vessels in the circulatory system of humans and most other animals that carry blood towards the heart.
The endothelium forms an interface between circulating bloodor lymphin the lumenand the rest of the vessel wall. This forms a barrier between vessels and tissues and control the flow of substances and fluid into and out of a tissue. This controls the passage of materials and the transit of white blood cellsinto and out of the bloodstream.
The aorta is the largest blood vessel in human body. The aorta is the root systemic artery (i.e., main artery). In humans, it receives blood directly from the left ventricle of the heart via the aortic valve. As the aorta branches and these arteries branch, in turn, they become successively smaller in diameter, down to the arterioles.
Tunica media. Transverse section through a small artery and vein of the mucous membrane of the epiglottis of a child. (Tunica media is at 'm'.) The tunica media (Neo-Latin "middle coat"), or media for short, is the middle tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. [1] It lies between the tunica intima on the inside and the tunica externa on the outside.
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are composed of only the tunica intima (the innermost layer of an artery or vein), consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. [2]
Micrograph showing the internal elastic lamina (thin pink wavy line - image edge mid-left to image edge bottom-centre-left). H&E stain. The internal elastic lamina or internal elastic lamella is a layer of elastic tissue that forms the outermost part of the tunica intima of blood vessels. It separates tunica intima from tunica media.
The tunica intima (Neo-Latin "inner coat"), or intima for short, is the innermost tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. It is made up of one layer of endothelial cells (and macrophages in areas of disturbed blood flow), [1][2] and is supported by an internal elastic lamina. The endothelial cells are in direct contact with the blood flow.