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Nicotine dependence[ notes 2 ] is a state of substance dependence on nicotine. [ 4 ] It is a chronic, relapsing disease characterized by a compulsive craving to use the drug despite social consequences, loss of control over drug intake, and the emergence of withdrawal symptoms. [ 8 ] Tolerance is another component of drug dependence. [ 9 ]
Nicotine withdrawal is a group of symptoms that occur in the first few weeks after stopping or decreasing use of nicotine. Symptoms include intense cravings for nicotine, anger or irritability, anxiety, depression, impatience, trouble sleeping, restlessness, hunger, weight gain, and difficulty concentrating. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Withdrawal symptoms ...
Toxicology, emergency medicine. Nicotine poisoning describes the symptoms of the toxic effects of nicotine following ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. Nicotine poisoning can potentially be deadly, though serious or fatal overdoses are rare. [1] Historically, most cases of nicotine poisoning have been the result of use of nicotine as an ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 4 October 2024. Circumstances, mechanisms, and factors of tobacco consumption on human health "Health effects of smoking" and "Dangers of smoking" redirect here. For cannabis, see Effects of cannabis. For smoking crack cocaine, see Crack cocaine § Health issues. "Smoking and health" redirects here. For ...
Convulsion. A convulsion is a medical condition where the body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrolled shaking. [1] Because epileptic seizures typically include convulsions, the term convulsion is often used as a synonym for seizure. [1] However, not all epileptic seizures result in convulsions, and not all ...
A 2015 review concluded that "Nicotine acts as a gateway drug on the brain, and this effect is likely to occur whether the exposure is from smoking tobacco, passive tobacco smoke or e-cigarettes." [25] Nicotine may have a profound impact on sleep. [26] The effects on sleep vary after being intoxicated, during withdrawal, and from long-term use ...
Cocaine dependence. Specialty. Psychiatry, clinical psychology. Cocaine dependence is a neurological disorder that is characterized by withdrawal symptoms upon cessation from cocaine use. [ 1 ] It also often coincides with cocaine addiction which is a biopsychosocial disorder characterized by persistent use of cocaine and/or crack despite ...
Neurology, Psychiatry. In the field of neurology, temporal lobe epilepsy is an enduring brain disorder that causes unprovoked seizures from the temporal lobe. Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of focal onset epilepsy among adults. [ 1 ] Seizure symptoms and behavior distinguish seizures arising from the medial temporal lobe from ...