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1851 – First international tournamentis held in London, and won by Adolf Anderssen (Prussia). 1852 – Sandglassesare first used to time a game. 1857 – First American Chess Congress, won by 20-year-old Paul Morphy (USA), causes a chess epidemic across the U.S. 1857 – The United Kingdom Chess Association is formed.
The 12th-century Lewis chessmen in the collection of the National Museum of Scotland. The history of chess can be traced back nearly 1,500 years to its earliest known predecessor, called chaturanga, in India; its prehistory is the subject of speculation. From India it spread to Persia, where it was modified in terms of shapes and rules and ...
Emanuel Lasker (left) facing incumbent champion Wilhelm Steinitz (right) in Philadelphia during the 1894 World Chess Championship The World Chess Championship has taken various forms over time, including both match and tournament play. While the concept of a world champion of chess had already existed for decades, with several events considered by some to have established the world's foremost ...
Chess is an abstract strategy game that involves no hidden information and no elements of chance. It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. The players, referred to as "White" and "Black", each control sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns.
The International Chess Federation or World Chess Federation, [3] [4] commonly referred to by its French acronym FIDE (/ ˈ f iː d eɪ / FEE-day Fédération Internationale des Échecs), [5] is an international organization based in Switzerland that connects the various national chess federations and acts as the governing body of international chess competition.
Philipp Stamma (c.1705 – c. 1755), a native of Aleppo, Ottoman Syria, later resident of England and France, was a chess master and a pioneer of modern chess. His reputation rests largely on his authorship of the early chess book Essai sur le jeu des echecs published 1737 in France (English translation: The Noble Game Of Chess 1745).
The history of chess began nearly 1500 years ago, and over the past century and a half the game has changed drastically. No technology or strategy, however, has changed chess as much as the introduction of chess engines. Despite only coming into existence within the previous 70 years, the introduction of chess engines has molded and defined how ...
The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO) is a reference work describing the state of opening theory in chess, originally published in five volumes from 1974 to 1979 by the Yugoslavian company Šahovski Informator (Chess Informant). It is currently undergoing its fifth edition. ECO may also refer to the opening classification system used by the ...