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Human capital flight is the emigration or immigration of individuals who have received advanced training at home. The net benefits of human capital flight for the receiving country are sometimes referred to as a " brain gain " whereas the net costs for the sending country are sometimes referred to as a " brain drain ". [1]
Exporting capital-intensive goods from rich countries to developing countries also equalises income and employment conditions, thus slowing migration. In either direction, this theory can be used to explain migration between countries that are geographically far apart. [55]
Reverse brain drain. Reverse brain drain is a form of brain drain where human capital moves in reverse from a more developed country to a less developed country that is developing rapidly. These migrants may accumulate savings, also known as remittances, and develop skills overseas that can be used in their home country.
History of human migration. Human migration is the movement by people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intention of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movements over long distances and from one country or region to another. The number of people involved in every ...
The term "circular migration" describes the fluid movement of people between areas, usually for the purpose of employment. [ 1 ] The term itself first came into use in the 1960s and 1970s, mostly related to urbanization, development, and internal migration. [ 2 ] There are six criteria that define migration as being circular: [ 3 ] Temporary.
Eric Edmonds is a development economist and Professor of Economics at Dartmouth College.His research focuses on child and forced labor, human trafficking, youth migration, and human capital in developing countries with the purpose of improving policy in these areas.
Step migration is a popular phenomenon among the developing world as it is a strategy to overcome barriers to migration. [5] According to Paul, it is a necessary pattern as many of these migrants have low-capital and face high cost barriers and immigration policy restrictions which prevent them from migrating to their preferred destinations. [5]
[6] [11] Asides the United Kingdom, countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia and South Africa also attract Nigerian talent, with Saudi Arabia running recruiting campaigns in the country. [7] The migration of existing medical personnel will endanger the development of future Human Resources for health. [5]